Sharif Digital Repository

The history of an Episteme is part of that Episteme. Without understanding the history of Episteme, one cannot get the right understanding of the Episteme. In order to understand the current coordinates of philosophy in Iran (as well as understanding the current state of philosophy in Iran), it must examine the history of its emergence and development. Part of the sources of recognition of this history is the “Erlbnis” of those who lived the event. Those who have been trying for its birth and development. Some other sources in understanding this history are the previous published works in this area. Another is the educational effort and the establishment and development of the institutions... 

We examine the economic implications of the SEC disclosure rules for companies doing business with Iran on their riskiness of debt. We exploit Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act (ITRA), which requires companies listed on U.S exchanges to disclose their activities and transactions with Iranian institutions. We analyze the impact of the first ITRA disclosure on the cost of capital for both American and foreign companies listed on the US exchanges. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we document a negative impact of ITRA disclosures on loan spread and credit rating of foreign companies. Further, using textual analysis, we identify the elements in the... 

This project shows the flow of implementing a 5s Program into a factory. From it’s first step by studying current situation until the last step implementing and monitoring the results. Manufacturing companies have a growing, market-driven need to adopt World Class operating technologies, including lean manufacturing 5S principles. Understanding the program's importance and knowing how to get started are the most important steps. In Iranian economic environment it is always hard to convince any top management to invest on methodologies like TPM. The reason behind this is that there are very few examples of companies with successful implementation of these methodologies. Since management... 

Many of Iran's wetlands are going dry because of the expansion of anthropogenic activities like the exorbitant withdrawal of groundwater resources and excessive use of water for agricultural purposes. Bakhtegan, Hoor-ol-azim, Anzali, and Miankaleh are some of the most notable examples of this issue in the past two decades. The crucial role of wetlands in preserving the biodiversity of flora and fauna and supplying groundwater resources necessitates continuous monitoring of the quantitative and qualitative changes in the surface water of wetlands. The main focus of this research is quantifying the reduction in wetlands' surface water using K-means and random forest algorithms based on... 

Digital technologies are shaping various industries in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, and meanwhile, we are witnessing the faster development of these technologies in the post-Corona period. In the oil industry, digital fields have created a window of opportunity to provide a competitive advantage for reputable oil companies. Realizing the importance of this window of opportunity, the leading oil companies quickly seek to use their capacities in the development of digital technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence, robotics, twins. Digital and fast processing methods are in the context of a digital field to take a step towards digital transformation. National Iranian... 

Teaching a foreign language and its culture implicitly might result in internalizing the foreign culture and identity (Brown, 2001). This might consequently cause cultural identity crisis and loss in a broader sense. As provided by Eslami Nodooshan (1998), considering the importance of cultural awareness raised through cultural studies and its influence on language policy and accordingly language classes provided the ground for this study to investigate the components of Iranian cultural identity, the degree of Iranian EFL teachers’ cultural identity, and the statistically significant difference between the Iranian EFL teachers’ cultural identity with different demographic characteristics.... 

The Iran-China 25-year Cooperation Program on the further economic development particularly energy area signed on 27 March 2021 by Iran, which suffered from many years of political and economic isolation and China, the second global economy. Energy transition is an essential issue in both country's energy systems which calls for a medium energy carrier that will be the natural gas. China is seeking for new natural gas resources in order to achieve its ambitious net-zero goals and Iran has targeted 50% reduction in its energy intensity. The necessity of supplying the natural gas for Pakistan and China through the CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) by Iran is an important criterion in the... 

Undoubtedly, energy is one of the most important components of progress in any country. Despite some existing imagery about the future of human access to new and non-renewable energy sources, it is now safe to say that energy is a limited resource that is becoming increasingly difficult to access over time. Utilizing the experiences of developed countries in the field of optimal management and advancing strategic goals in the field of energy is one of the necessities of the country today. In this dissertation, using the meta-combined method, the experiences of the United States of America, China, Saudi Arabia, Norway, Singapore and India as countries that each have one of the advantages in... 

The challenges of urbanization have been the focus of researchers since the past. With the expansion of urbanization and massive migration of people from villages to cities, these challenges became more important in our country. These issues, which exist in many other countries in a serious manner, are discussed in the branch of urban economy in the world. This thesis is arranged in three chapters, in each of which one of the aspects related to urban economy and housing is discussed. In the first chapter, the effects of the construction of Mehr housing on the value of nearby residential properties are investigated using difference-in-difference method. It is shown that the construction of... 

Results showed that 9 factors of “Brand Equity”, “Product Quality”, “Service Quality”, “Service Recovery”, “Perceived Value”, “Relationship”, “Employee Satisfaction”, “Physical Environment” and “Distribution Channel” are most effective factors by researchers that have effect on customer satisfaction. Thus, the Macromodel of this research was designed based on these factors. Due to limitations and context of the research, “Service Quality”, “Service Recovery” and “Relationship” were chosen in the final model. Results of questionnaire showed that the 5 parameters of “Service Recovery Speed”, “Reliability”, “Responsiveness”, “Empathy” and “Seller-focused antecedents” was the most important... 

Frontage roads are widely used to separate the main and the local traffic flows in multilane highways. Based on the studies conducted by Texas Transportation Institute, the delay imposed by ramp junction is considered for calculating the average speed in frontage roads in addition to the control delay caused by traffic lights. This delay and the capacity of frontage roads are analysed using gap acceptance theory. In this study, two different sections consisting of a basic section and merge area are selected along Tehran-Karaj special road as case studies and the required data are collected by video recording. After classifying and analysing the data, a wide range of macro traffic-analyses... 

Traditionally, Iran was looking for development and either in era of oil revenues or before that, it has always faced serious mismatches in realization of plans and indiscipline of definition, allocation of development budgets, and sometimes national and foreign borrowing and in spite of defining development plans from 1971s, today, rare plans have been achieved in an acceptable and defendable manner, meanwhile, Iran’s Islamic Revolution adopted some fact changes in defining concepts like entrepreneurs, wealth, and the government’s share. However, many politicians and environmental activists are seeking sustainable development; environmental campaigners believe that this option is not... 

In this research the risk of oil price for Iran and Opec basket is studied. Several methods in order to estimate Value at Risk (VaR) such as Standard Historical Simulation, Historical Simulation with Autoregressive Forecast, Historical Simulation with moving average forecast, and ARMA are examined. The experiment is performed based on daily oil prices, from January 2005 to December 2009. The data is divided into two smaller time periods. The first, from 2005 to 2008, was used to estimate the model coefficients. The second part of data, i.e., the data gathered in 2009, was used for forecasting purposes. The result of experiment show that Historical Simulation with Autoregressive Forecasts... 

Industrialization has brought about air pollution which is one of the most important factors threatening human health. The most efficient method to improve air quality include preventing the emission of pollutants by making laws and regulations. In order to set appropriate regulations, there needs to be a correct understanding of the problem. The purpose of this research is to identify such factors and create a correct understnding of the problem in Iran by constructing a Model of Iranian air qulity. The model used in this research, CMAQ is one of the most comprehensive and state of the art models in transport of pollutnts and chemical reactions in the atmosphere. The inputs into CMAQ... 

Since Iran is a part of Afro-Asian belt of deserts, 21 percent of its area belongs to desert lands. By the increasing number of dust storms in western adjacent countries dust particle concentration’s value has been critical. PM10 modeling and finding out dust origins can extremely help to manage methods by decision-makers to control dust from the origin. HYSPLIT modeling tool is benefited to get to this aim. In this study metropolises which hardly confront air pollution according to EPA statement were selected. HYSPLIT was calibrated and validated by comparing the results with measurement stations. According to the point that that particles were transported from western parts of Iran,... 

This thesis analyzes the behavior of inflation in the Iranian economy by introducing a micro-founded model of monetary policy. The model predicts a direct relationship between inflation and oil export revenues in the oil dependent economy of Iran. This theory driven claim is verified empirically, and test results tend to confirm a meaningful relationship between inflation and Oil export data in Iran. Based on results attained from the micro-founded model, an augmented SVAR model is proposed for estimating underlying inflation in the Iranian economy. The proposed model is found to render better results than the conventional models used for estimating underlying inflation. Moreover it is... 

Environmental conditions have a significant effect on the performance of flexible pavements. External factors such as precipitation, temperature, freeze-thaw cycles, and depth to water table play a key role in defining the extent of the impact the environment effects on pavement performance. All types of pavement distress are either caused or aggravated by the environmental factors. Up until now, pavement design in Iran is done according to the AASHTO 1993, which is based on methods that have evolved from the AASHTO Road Test that was conducted at one specific geographic location. The newly released Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) by the addition of climatic input makes... 

The economic framework of the petroleum sector exhibits significant divergence from other businesses owing to the substantial risks and uncertainties inherent in oil and gas ventures, compounded by highly unpredictable price fluctuations. Moreover, the abundance of uncertainties in the data employed for investment decisions in petroleum projects is very large, thus exerting a significant impact on the decision-making processes. This research delves into the impact of diverse risk factors on oil contracts and scrutinizes their influence on contractual dynamics. The study unfolds in three segments, encompassing an examination of economic factors shaping oil contracts, model design, and the... 

Energy industries in many countries have initiated the process of privatization. Restructuring of energy systems is usually started with dividing the vertically integrated national systems into regional companies. Due to the geographical dimension of energy systems and natural monopoly in many activities, the process of privatization has started with segmentation of the vertically integrated national systems into regional companies. Thus, regional independent companies are formed that include a collection of producers and consumers of energy in their geographic area. These regional companies are economic entities who are pursuing a policy of maximize profit. On the other hand, exchange of... 

The simplest definition of Total Factor Productivity is the rate of converting inputs to outputs. In other words, with fixed inputs and a raise in the Total Factor Productivity, more output can be achieved. In this study, we review the existing methods for calculating this variable and its determining factors. On the basis of Diewert’s criteria, Fisher index is known to be the most appropriate indicator to calculate production, price and productivity indices. Fisher index is obtained by dividing the index of output to input in which in addition to values of output and input, price data are also used. Between prices and values used in this calculation only price series for wages are not...