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Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Study on Their Applications as a Catalyst and as a Carrier for the Radiomedicines

Eskandari, Najmeh | 2012

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 42851 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Outokesh, Mohammad; Ahmadi, Javad; Sadjadi, Soude
  7. Abstract:
  8. This thesis encompasses two parallel, but independent subjects as follow: The first part of the thesis deals with synthesis of bimetallic Ni-Au nanoparticles (Bi Ni-Au), and application of them as electrodes in the methanol fuel cells. The Bi Ni-Au nanoparticles for this purpose were synthesized by controlled reduction of HAuCl3 and NiCl3 in the aqueous medium using NaBH4 as reductant and PVP as stabilizer, and immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon (GC) electrode by means of Nafion polymer. The obtained electrode then was conditioned in an alkaline solution by cyclic voltammetric method in potential range 100 -700 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). Physicochemical characterizations of the synthesized nanoparticles were carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD); and their electrochemical activities were investigated by using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results showed that Ni-Au modified electrode had a greater efficiency and a higher activity towards oxidation of methanol than that of monometallic Ni catalyst. It is believed that these effects are arisen from the greater oxidation abilities of Ni (ΙΙΙ) and Au (III) ions that are formed by surface reaction of the coated nanoparticles. In addition to this finding, the current study also investigated the effects of various parameters such as the mole ratio of Ni/Au, potential scan rate and methanol concentration on the electrolytic performance of the modified electrode. In the second part of the thesis, a novel technique was developed to monitor the in vivo behavior of gold nanorods (GNRs). GNRs were coated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and then were radiolabeled by [131I] sodium iodide in a simple manner with a high yield and without upsetting their optical properties. Radiolabeled GNPs were successfully visualized by radioisotope tagging. This efficient method provides an appreciably useful tool for design and development of new gold nanoparticles as target-specific agents for both diagnosis and photothermal-therapy applications.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Cyclic Voltammetry ; Modified Electrodes ; Nickel-Gold Nanoparticles ; Methanol Fuel Cell ; Radio Labelling Nanoparticles by Iodine 131

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