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The effect of heat treatment on formation of graphene thin films from graphene oxide nanosheets
Akhavan, O ; Sharif University of Technology | 2010
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- Type of Document: Article
- DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.09.069
- Publisher: 2010
- Abstract:
- Graphene thin films with very low concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups were produced by reduction of graphene oxide nanosheets (prepared by using a chemical exfoliation) in a reducing environment and using two different heat treatment procedures (called one and two-step heat treatment procedures). The effects of heat treatment procedure and temperature on thickness variation of graphene platelets and also on reduction of the oxygen-containing functional groups of the graphene oxide nanosheets were studied by atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. While formation of the thin films composed of single-layer graphene nanosheets with minimum thickness of 0.37 nm and nearly without any functional group bonds was observed at the high temperature of 1000 °C in the one-step reducing procedure, similar high quality graphene thin films were obtained at the lower temperature of 500 °C in our two-step reducing temperature. The results also indicated possibility of efficient reduction of the graphene oxide thin films at even lower heat treatment temperatures (≤500 °C)
- Keywords:
- Effects of heat treatment ; Graphene platelets ; Graphenes ; Heat treatment temperature ; High quality ; High temperature ; Low concentrations ; Minimum thickness ; Oxide nanosheets ; Oxide thin films ; Reducing environment ; Reducing temperature ; Single layer ; Thickness variation ; Two-step heat treatment ; Atomic force microscopy ; Atomic spectroscopy ; Functional groups ; Heat treatment ; Nanosheets ; Oxide films ; Oxygen ; Thermal effects ; Thin films ; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; Graphite
- Source: Carbon ; Volume 48, Issue 2 , February , 2010 , Pages 509-519 ; 00086223 (ISSN)
- URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008622309006526