Sharif Digital Repository

Dealing with different supply chain risks and how firms should prepare against them has become an important issue in real world application. In this paper, we propose a periodic model to fortify supply chain structure against disruption by remanufacturing different types of returned products at first priority and manufacturing raw materials at second priority only if it is necessary. Additionally, our approach to model disruption is that there are two kinds of facilities for manufacturing/ remanufacturing centers. The first one is reliable and the second one is unreliable. Therefore, in this paper, we formulate and solve a reliable discrete dynamic linear programming with different types of... 

In every modern society, the engineers and technical managers are in charge of planning, designing, manufacturing and utilizing the simplest products to the most complex systems. This shows the importance of reliability management in engineering systems. Inattention to the reliability of such systems leads to the difficulty or even impossibility in planning or utilizing them. Malfunction of products and systems results in disruption in different levels and can be regarded as a severe threat to society and environment.
Therefore, consumers and general public expect products and systems to be durable, reliable and safe. Thus, the main question is how safe and how reliable the system will... 

Fulfilling the demands of customers, used to be the main purpose of Supply Chain Network Designers. Soon after that, the environmental concerns created the concept of Reverse Logistic in order to prevent goods from being scattered in the environment after their disposal. Governmental regulations and people's concerns, forced the factories to gather the created pollutions of the environment. They gradualy confessed the positive impacts of these ruturns on their financials. The flow of forward and reverse logistics establishes a Closed-Loop in which the returning economical circumstances were transferd into original factories. Later, Open-Loops were created. In open-loops the returns have to...