Sharif Digital Repository

Regarding the analysis of real-world networks, the ability to detect regions of high density or “community” is of great importance in network science. The motivation behind this endeavor comes from many publications confirming that the agglomeration of relations is meaningful on its own. At the same time, there have been some attempts, although less than the unsigned route, toward the detection of community in groups of positive relations (similar to unsigned mode) that have, internally, as few negative ties as possible. As an example, signed Modularity is one of the few algorithms in this route.In this thesis, we first tried to analyze the structure of real networks to find out about the... 

Nowadays Systems in different fields of research like computer science, biology, social networks, information networks, and economics are modeled as graphs. The graphs which model real world systems have very different topological characteristics than those of classic networks. One of the prominent characteristics of these networks, is that its not practical to describe a general model for their structure and behavior. As a consequence of this complexity in modeling and structure, these networks are called complex networks. One of the most important observations in complex networks is the presence of communities, it means that in such networks one can separate vertices in disjoint sets, such... 

Complex directed networks are widely used in representing, modeling and summarizing various homo and heterogeneous real networks such as protein-protein interactions, social and twitting networks, brain connectomes, chipsets mapping and marketing. While working on undirected networks in the hope for detecting communities or any other static and dynamic structures, has been on agenda of many physician and computer scientists, dealing with directed ones seems more challengeable for quick advances. Availability of theoretical basis especially symmetric adjacency matrix recommends modeling with undirected graphs but we believe that directed graphs are more general and practical to model real... 

The dynamic nature of today’s manufacturing industry, which is caused by the intense global competition and constant technological advancements, requires systems that are easily adaptable with new functions and technologies. In fact, a highly responsive manufacturing system is needed in which, introducing new products, adjusting system capacity with demand fluctuations and integrating new technologies with the existing ones are quickly possible. Reconfigurable Manufacturing systems (RMS) are a relatively new paradigm in industry that enable rapid adjustments of production capacity to changes in product mix and volume through their main characteristics including modularity, scalability and... 

One of the main issues of business world is competition and competitiveness, and this cannot be happened unless one company absorb new ideas and innovations. Based on what scholars mentioned, companies should utilize users instead of professionals in order to create new innovations, and this is due to that users have better understanding of what users want. As a result, in the mobile platforms, platform owners need to know how to invoke users to create more innovative apps. In this research we were into finding important matters that increase number of innovation of users. We saw that lead-userness, toolkit support, work method autonomy, knowledge sharing, and modularity have an impact on... 

Let E be a semi-stable elliptic curve over Q with conductor N and L(E,s) as its L-function. We say that E is modular if there exists an eigenform of weight 2 and level N over X_0(N) such that L(E,s) equals the L-function of f or L(E,s)=L(f,s). Wilse's method to prove this was by proving that the Galois representations induced by E and f are equivalent. First we will discuss that equivalency of those representations is equivalent to equality of L-functions and after that we will use deformation theory for Galois representations to overlook the main ideas of the proof of the modularity theorem. Wiles using the idea of deformation of Galois representaions proved that under proper conditions... 

The dynamic nature of today’s manufacturing industry, which is caused by the intense global competition and constant technological advancements, requires systems that are easily adaptable with new functions and technologies. In fact, a highly responsive manufacturing system is needed in which, introducing new products, adjusting system capacity with demand fluctuations and integrating new technologies with the existing ones are quickly possible.Reconfigurable Manufacturing systems (RMS) are a relatively new paradigm in industry that enable rapid adjustments of production capacity to changes in product mix and volume through their main characteristics including modularity, scalability and...