Sharif Digital Repository

In electrical energy market, an economic game is running in which, power generating companies compete with each other in order to determine their suitable strategies and gain the highest possible profit. The literature shows the researchers actually use different algorithms to determine their suitable strategies but not Nash equilibrium method. These algorithms can not guarantee that the strategic equilibrium points can be found. In this research, the classic Nash method is used to determine GENCOs appropriate strategies and is simulated on some well known models (Cournot, Supply function equilibrium (SFE) and Bertrand), combined energy and reserve markets will be studied. The results of... 

Nowadays, competition in supplying the requirement of the customer having become so important and curtail between the companies, so marketing plays an important role in the progress of the firms. Therefore, business and marketing concept is one the important tools to achieve their potential goals in the target markets. For Esfahan Steel Company because of their product’s quality, marketing is so significant. With respect to put the third forge will be put into operation perfectly in this company, the production will be increased and reach to 3.7 million tones per year. In this research, we develop a Marketing Plan for the products of this company in the international target market  

Taking into account the impact of advertising on the reference price, we propose an optimal pricing strategy for supply chains in competitive industries subject to reference price effect. Most of researches do not consider the competition among supply chains. An industry with two competing supply chains is considered. Each supply chain includes a manufacturer who sells his/her product via a retailer. There are two types of structures: integrated and decentralized (it is assumed that the relation in a chain is Manufacturer– Stackelberg). Each manufacturer offers wholesale price to his/her retailer anticipating the retailer’s order quantity. In addition, the retailers choose their retail... 

In this study, a smart grid algorithm based on pricing and by considering a model in the electricity market is presenting, which is focused on reducing the cost of production for the supplier as well as increase the utility for the electricity consumer. The algorithm has been also modeling by considering multiple suppliers. The model has been designing by taking the home subscribers in to account and to increase their social welfare. The difference between the following developing model compared to the other ones, which are presented so far, is the consideration of the competition between suppliers and the real-time pricing conditions. In fact, in this model, the price of electricity has... 

This research is about raffles held by firms. Nowadays raffles are used by some firms as a mean to attract more customers and obtain more profit to the extent that they compete on their prize instead of their price. In order to investigate this phenomenon, we introduce a model based on spatial competition. This model explains the reason firms have incentive to offer raffles when consumer is risk neutral. According to this model we conclude competing on prize reduces consumers’ surplus considerably. Because of this, the intervention of policy maker can prevent the reduction in consumers’ surplus  

Economics have been thought about market, trade and money in many eras. During years, several issues regarding markets and making economic decisions have become more complicated, due to population growth and changes in market structure.we are going to discuss the classic model of Cournot in social networks in two competence companies which both produce identical products. Each individual considers a value for each product. lf friend it an individual buy a product then it can effect the individual's value of product. In this model, each company decides on quantity of its products and the selling price of products is calculated based on the amount of all productions. In Cournot model, at the... 

The impact of ownership concentration on competitive conditions and profitability of industries has been studied and analyzed for decades. By using the Herfindahl-Hirschman concentration index, a range for the level of concentration in the industry has been determined, and some countries implement anti-trust laws based on this range. The new literature that has been discussed recently is the concentration of the market directly and through the common ownership of corporations by large shareholders. In the sense that two or more apparently independent companies may have a common owner who practically regulates their behavior as a company. The structure of ownership in Iran is complex and...