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Robust and efficient zero liquid discharge design strategy using four novel desalination systems: A comprehensive 4E assessment

Ghofrani, I ; Sharif University of Technology | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127362
  3. Publisher: Elsevier Ltd , 2021
  4. Abstract:
  5. Discharging unconventional water sources having a high content of inorganic compounds is extremely destructive to the environment. In this research, four novel semi-open-air and closed-air configurations of brine-recycle humidification-dehumidification (BRHDH) systems with zero liquid discharge (ZLD) approach are presented to treat unconventional waters cost-effectively. Bubble-column humidifiers and dehumidifiers are used to have a low initial expenditure, and system multi-staging is implemented to reduce the operating expense of the configurations. The configurations are evaluated for high saline brine treatment using comprehensive energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental (4E) tools. The results of the numerical study show that cooling the fresh water before entering the first stage dehumidifier limits the design range of the first stage mass flow rate ratio. Comprehensive assessment of the performance parameters of the configurations showed that the exergy efficiency increased from 1.7-4.4% to 4.8–6.8% by increasing the number of the stages of the configurations from one to two; As a result, the cost of fresh water and carbon emission of fresh water are reduced from 3.1 to 5.6 $/m3 and 81.9–149.3 kg-e-CO2/m3 to 2.7–4.7 $/m3 and 54.1–85.8 kg-e-CO2/m3, respectively. Also, the two-stage configurations are less sensitive to input design parameters than those of the one-stage configurations. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
  6. Keywords:
  7. Carbon dioxide ; Exergy ; Humidity control ; Industrial research ; Industrial water treatment ; Liquids ; Wastewater treatment ; Desalination systems ; Design strategies ; Exergoeconomic analysis ; Exergoenvironmental analyse ; Fresh Water ; High-content ; Humidification-dehumidification ; Industrial wastewater treatment ; Water source ; Zero-liquid discharge ; Desalination
  8. Source: Journal of Cleaner Production ; Volume 310 , 2021 ; 09596526 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S095965262101581X