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Study of Carbon Monoxide Emission and Dispersion in Long Motorway Spaces: A Case Study of Tohid Tunnel

Alizadeh Aliabadi, Hamzeh | 2011

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 42579 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Vaziri, Manouchehr
  7. Abstract:
  8. Vehicular tunnels are very prone to excess of air pollution due to their enclosed nature. Inadequate ventilation combined with high traffic flow result in elevated concentration of vehicle-induced air pollutants, which can pose serious health hazards. This study was carried out in the longest vehicular tunnel in Tehran, locally referred to as Tohid tunnel. Traffic flow characteristics, carbon monoxide level and it's dispersion along the tunnel were investigated in this project. Data were collected in 4 days and 3 times a day, 7-8 in the morning, 11-12 and 17-18 in the evening. Measurements were conducted at fixed locations, outside the tunnel, at portals, and inside the tunnel at about 240 meter intervals, chosen to provide an appropriate CO profile along the tunnel. Average CO concentration were found to be 90 ppm inside the south bound bore, and 94 ppm inside the north bound bore, which exceed various standards and indicate that the type of ventilation is not suitable and cannot effectively remove contaminated air from the tunnel. Results indicate that CO concentration is directly related to the traffic volume through the tunnel and concentration is directly related to the traffic volume through the tunnel and tunnel air temperature, and inversely related to vehicle speed and wind speed inside the tunnel. Carbon monoxide emission factors were obtained using simple mass balance and the quasi-steady-state mass balance models, EMFAC2007, MOBILE6.2, and Japan Weather Association model for Tehran. The third estimate of the quasi-steady-state mass balance model, which results in emission factors of 11.43gr/km and 8.83gr/km for the northbound and the southbound bore respectively, has been found to be more appropriate than other models. Finally different models were derived to predict CO emission factors and its dispersion along the tunnel
  9. Keywords:
  10. Traffic Tunnels ; Emission Factor ; Air Pollution ; Carbon Monoxide Dispersion ; Carbon Monoxide Concentration ; Tohid Tunnel

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