Sharif Digital Repository

Monitoring the oxygen in the fume and controlling its amount at high temperatures is an efficient way to regulate combustion efficiency. Zirconia can be an attractive candidate for use in oxygen sensors due to its good physical and chemical properties. The crystal structure of pure zirconia nanopowder due to the lack of cubic phase cannot be used for the fabrication of gas sensor electrodes. Moreover, the change of temperature during ceramic processing and application can promote structural and phase stresses. In this work, to achieve a pure cubic phase, yttria was successfully added to zirconia by a large-scale and effective method called Pechini. The yttria-stabilized zirconia nanopowders... 

We report on the results of a YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) superconductive transition edge bolometer (TEB) fabricated on a Ce0.9La0.1O2−7 (CLO) buffered single crystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate. Metal organic deposition was used for the fabrication of both the YBCO thin film as well as CLO buffer layer, while standard photolithography was applied for TEB preparation. YBCO thin film properties were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), AC susceptibility and resistance versus temperature measurements. Optical response of the TEB in terms of voltage amplitude and phase was analysed and measured through four-probe technique in a liquid nitrogen... 

Pechini process was used for preparation of three kinds of nanocrystalline powders of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ): doped with 1.5 mol% nickel oxide, doped with 15 mol% ceria, and doped with 1.5 mol% nickel oxide plus 15 mol% ceria. Zirconium chloride, yttrium nitrate, cerium nitrate, nickel nitrate, citric acid and ethylene glycol were polymerized at 80 °C to produce a gel. XRD, SEM and TEM analyses were used to investigate the crystalline phases and microstructures of obtained compounds. The results of XRD revealed the formation of nanocrystalline powder at 900 °C. Morphology of the powder calcined at 900 °C, examined with a scanning electron microscope, showed that the presence of... 

Joining of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) to stainless steels is considered for various applications such as solid oxide fuel cells, thermal barrier coatings, and medical implants. In the present work, a series of brazing pastes utilizing silver and nickel nanoparticles (∼80 nm) mixed with carboxymethyl cellulose as the organic phase were developed to join 5 mol% YSZ to AISI 420 steel. Effects of processing parameters including time and temperature of brazing and the composition of the nanopastes on the microstructure of joints and their shear rupture strength were studied. Elaboration of the joining mechanism by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe micro-analyzer showed... 

Sintering is the most critical step in manufacturing of functional parts by co-powder injection molding. In the present work, we studied the sintering phenomena occurring during co-sintering of metal/ceramic composite layers. Nanostructured yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP) was co-sintered with 430L stainless steel and chromium. The sintering response was studied by dilatometer analysis in isothermal and non-isothermal modes. The microstructure of the sintered specimens was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) and micro-focused X-ray diffraction (MFXRD). The strength of the joint was also determined by a shear-punch method. It is shown that... 

In the present study, yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) reinforced Cu matrix composite specimens were produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS). For comparison, pure Cu specimen was also produced in the same conditions. The effect of particles content on microstructure, relative density, electrical conductivity, and Vickers hardness was evaluated. The pin-on-disk test was also performed to determine dry sliding wear behavior of specimens under different wear conditions. After sliding wear tests, the worn surfaces were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Microstructural study showed satisfactory distribution of reinforcement particles in copper matrix. The relative... 

In this study, Yittria Stabilized Zirconia/Titania powders synthesized via air plasma spray (APS) method such as morphology changes and phase transformations of core-shell structure characterized. Phase analysis of powders was performed by XRD. The crystallite size and lattice strain of YSZ/TiO2 core-shell structure was calculated by Williamson-Hall method. Morphology was observed with scanning electron microscope. EDS and map analysis were used for core-shell characterization. Results revealed that all TiO2 nano particles were melted around YSZ powders with the thickness between 1 up to 5 μm. After spraying the YSZ/TiO2 mixture in water, strain values increased but crystallite size... 

We report on the results of a YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) superconductive transition edge bolometer (TEB) fabricated on a Ce0.9La0.1O2−7 (CLO) buffered single crystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate. Metal organic deposition was used for the fabrication of both the YBCO thin film as well as CLO buffer layer, while standard photolithography was applied for TEB preparation. YBCO thin film properties were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), AC susceptibility and resistance versus temperature measurements. Optical response of the TEB in terms of voltage amplitude and phase was analysed and measured through four-probe technique in a liquid nitrogen... 

Recently, co-powder injection molding process (2C-PIM) has attained considerable interest to fabricate complex-shaped functional materials. The aim of this work is to study the sintering compatibility between nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP) and PIM grade 430L stainless steel (SS) powders, which is the utmost important step in the 2C-PIM process. To evaluate the mismatch strain development during the co-sintering, the isothermal and nonisothermal behaviors of the ceramic and metal powders were studied. Small bilayers of 3Y-TZP/430L were made by a powder metallurgy technique and the feasibility of simultaneous sintering and joining of the composite layer was examined.... 

Microstructural development and phase formation at the interface of yttria stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP)/430L stainless steel composite layers produced by co-sintering method were studied by SEM, HRTEM, micro-focus XRD, and EPMA. Formation of a rich chromium boundary layer at the interface was noticed, which revealed Cr aggregation at the interface at the elevated temperatures. Misfit dislocations were also observed at the joint interface to tackle the mismatch crystallographic orientations between the ceramic and metal layer. The results of the micro-focus XRD showed formation of no new phases at the boundary zone. Microstructural studies also revealed a retarded grain growth in the... 

The mechanism of interface formation during sinter-joining of nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia (27 nm) compacts with chromium powder was investigated. The effect of sintering atmosphere, i.e. argon or vacuum, was studied. Microstructural evaluation and phase formation was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), and micro-focused X-ray diffraction (MFXRD) methods. It is shown that spreading and evaporation-condensation mechanisms are responsible for the interface formation. An improved joint shear-strength was obtained after sintering in vacuum (74 MPa) compared with argon (41 MPa). The result of MFXRD indicated formation of Cr-island at... 

Copper matrix composites have received more attentions as possible candidate for thermal and electrical conductive materials to be used in electrical contact applications. In this study, five-layered Cu/YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) functionally graded material (FGM) and copper matrix composite specimens containing 3 and 5 vol% YSZ particles plus pure Cu specimen were synthesized using powder metallurgy (PM) route and spark plasma sintering (SPS) consolidation process. The microstructural and some physical, mechanical features of all specimens were characterized. Microscopic examinations showed that ultrafine YSZ particles were distributed in the copper matrix almost homogeneously. An... 

In the present work, the hot corrosion behavior of two types of multilayer plasma sprayed TBC were investigated and compared with functionally graded and conventional TBCs. These kinds of multilayer coatings consisted of nano/μ alumina as a top coat on YSZ layer, a metallic bond coat and a functionally graded intermediate layer deposited between YSZ and bond coat layers. All the layers were sprayed on the Ni-base super alloy substrate. The hot corrosion resistance of the plasma sprayed coatings was examined at 1050 °C for 40 h, using a fused mixture of 45 wt% Na2SO4 + 55wt%V2O5. Before and after hot corrosion, the microstructure and phase analysis of the coating were studied using scanning... 

In the present work, spark plasma sintering (SPS) process was employed to prepare a nanostructured yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) coating on a nickel-based superalloy (INCONEL 738) with functionally graded structure. A stack layer of INCONEL 738/NiCrAlY powder/Al foil/NiCrAlY+YSZ powder/YSZ powder was SPSed in a graphite die at an applied pressure of 40 MPa under an vacuum atmosphere (8 Pa). The sintering temperature was ∼1040 °C. For comparison purpose, the air plasma spray (APS) technique was employed to prepare the thermal barrier coating (TBC). Microstructural studies by scanning electron microscopy showed that the SPSed coating was sound and free of interfacial cracks and large... 

Interactions between the metal interconnect and glass sealant in the solid oxide cells stack are critical to retaining the system integrity. To address this issue, in the current study, 8YSZ coating is applied on the Crofer22 APU steel via sol-gel and dip-coating method. Dense and continuous 8YSZ coatings are obtained on Crofer22 APU substrates. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy results show that both cubic and tetragonal structures of 8YSZ are formed. A glass-based sealing paste is applied on bare and 8YSZ coated Crofer22 APU steel. The interfacial compatibility and chemical stability of steel/glass and steel/8YSZ/glass joint couples are investigated using SEM and EDS line scan...