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risk-perception
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A study of the factors affecting driving risk perception using the Bivariate Ordered Probit model
, Article International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion ; 2022 ; 17457300 (ISSN) ; Nassiri, H ; Naderi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2022
Abstract
This paper aims to examine the key factors influencing driving risk perception in Iran. We conducted separate surveys for two groups of Iranian drivers, namely passenger car drivers and truck drivers. In order to assess driving risk perception, respondents were asked what they think about their Probability of Having a Road Accident (PHRA) and if they eventually have an accident as a driver, what they think about the Probability of it being Fatal or causing Severe Injury (PFSI). A Bivariate Ordered Probit model, which considers the possible correlation between PHRA and PFSI, was developed to explain the observed driving risk perception using type of vehicle, driving experience,...
A new extended analytical hierarchy process technique with incomplete intervalvalued information for risk assessment in IT outsourcing
, Article International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications ; Volume 30, Issue 5 , 2017 , Pages 739-748 ; 1728144X (ISSN) ; Gitinavard, H ; Sohrabvandi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Information technology (IT) outsourcing has been recognized as a new methodology in many organizations. Yet making an appropriate decision with regard to selection and use of these methodologies may impose uncertainties and risks. Estimating the occurrence probability of risks and their impacts organizations goals may reduce their threats. In this study, an extended analytical hierarchical process method is tailored based on interval-valued hesitant fuzzy information to assess the risks in IT outsourcing. In the proposed approach, the weight of each decision maker is implemented in process of the proposed method by considering the concept of simple additive weighting method to decrease the...
Aggressive driving: Do driving overconfidence and aggressive thoughts behind the wheel, drive professionals off the road?
, Article Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour ; Volume 79 , 2021 , Pages 170-184 ; 13698478 (ISSN) ; Nassiri, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
Aggressive driving has emerged as one of the most studied behaviors in the traffic psychology context due to its association with odds of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) and especially fatal ones. Nevertheless, behavioral (aggression) and affective (anger) aspects of aggressive driving have been deeply studied; its cognitive part hasn't gained much attention; However, its role in understanding the process of aggression and designing interventions couldn't be neglected. This research investigated the contribution of overconfidence (as the driver's cognitive bias), aggressive thoughts, driver's aggression, and risk perception in driver's performance and the number of self-reported active...
New model for simulating random synthetic stochastic earthquake scenarios
, Article Journal of Earthquake Engineering ; Volume 26, Issue 2 , 2022 , Pages 1072-1089 ; 13632469 (ISSN) ; Bakhshi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2022
Abstract
This research attempts to propose a new simulating model capable of generating synthetic stochastic earthquake scenario including both seismological, and acceleration signal properties. The Iranian plateau is selected as a mainland for developing the model due to the existence of high-quality earthquake databases. This model is composed of two sub-models. The first one generates random seismic event scenarios including mainshocks and aftershocks. The second one procreates 3-dimensional synthetic stochastic accelerograms for each of the previously simulated events. This scenario-based predictive model offers a powerful tool to the risk modelers interested in lifetime seismic risk assessment...
Nanotechnology in the public eye: The case of Iran, as a developing country
, Article Journal of Nanoparticle Research ; Volume 13, Issue 8 , 2011 , Pages 3511-3519 ; 13880764 (ISSN) ; Sadrnezhaad, S. K ; Nejad, N. M ; Mahmoodi, M ; Ibrahimi Ghavam Abadi, L ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Using survey data, public awareness of and attitudes toward nanotechnology are examined in Iran (N ≥ 759). Iran is a developing country with a national nanotechnology action plan for a ten year period starting from 2003 and has been active in the field of research and development of nanotechnology meanwhile. First, the results show that majority of people are still not familiar with nanotechnology and perceived risks posed by this technology are not considered to be a lot and most people feel its benefits outweigh the risks. The emotions toward this technology are of a hopeful and positive nature and this technology is looked upon favorably in Iran. In particular, our results reveals that...
Web-Based Risk Communication as a Strategy for Seismic Risk Mitigation
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mahsuli, Mojtaba (Supervisor)
Abstract
A web-based system is designed and implemented at cira.civil.sharif.edu as a risk communication tool to incentivize the society to take seismic risk mitigation measures. Risk denotes the expected monetary and social losses herein. The objective of this system is to raise the awareness of two groups of audience, i.e., the general public and policymakers,about the significant seismic risk in Iran. To address the general public, the system employs the notion of risk perception to put the results of sophisticated earthquake engineering risk analyses into perspective. The system also treats the epistemic uncertainty in the user input due to general public’s lack of technical knowledge through the...
Developing a Descriptive Traffic Accident Model for Urban Bus Drivers, based on Environmental, Cognitive, and Behavioral Factors of Aggressive Driving
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Nassiri, Habibollah (Supervisor)
Abstract
Road casualty is the fourth leading cause of death in Iran after cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. Moreover, up to 7% of Iran’s Gross Domestic Product (- GDP) is spent annually on motor vehicle crashes’(MVCs) adverse outcomes. Recent studies have highlighted the role of anger and aggressive behaviors, while driving as two main predicters of MVCs. On the other hand, bus drivers and passengers, compared with the small number of registered buses in Iran, are more prone to fatal crashes than occupants of any other vehicles, based on the last WHO’s report. The aim of current research was to evaluate the influence of aggressive thoughts and behaviors on the road, driver’s...
The quantitative risk assessment of a hydrogen generation unit
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; Volume 37, Issue 24 , December , 2012 , Pages 19241-19249 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Zarei, E ; Badri, N ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
The safety of hydrogen generation process is a major concern. This paper discusses the quantitative analyzes of the risk imposed on neighborhood from the operation of a hydrogen generator using natural gas reforming process. For this purpose, after hazard identification, the frequency of scenarios was estimated using generic data. Quantitative risk assessment was applied for consequence modeling and risk estimation. The results revealed that, jet fire caused by a full bore rupture in Desulphurization reactor has the highest fatality (26person) and affects the largest area of 5102 m2. The lethality radius, maximum radiation and safe distance of this incident were 140 m, 370 kW/m2 and 225 m...
Improving accuracy of frequency estimation of major vapor cloud explosions for evaluating control room location through quantitative risk assessment
, Article Chemical Engineering Transactions ; Volume 24 , 2011 , Pages 1267-1272 ; 19749791 (ISSN) ; Nourai, F ; Rashtchian, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
2011
Abstract
Frequency estimation of vapor cloud explosions (VCE) are traditionally based on sparse VCE incidents data analysis while process conditions that generate VCE's have a wide spectrum giving VCE's with different strengths. The present paper is focused on developing a systematic methodology to estimate the frequency of VCEs based on process and plant conditions in order to find optimal location of a control room using quantitative risk assessment (QRA). In the presented approach, after classification of plant areas according to variables likely to generate different release conditions, a comprehensive release study is carried out to determine individual probable leakages. Consequently, only...
Design and evaluation of a novel triaxial isometric trunk muscle strength measurement system
, Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine ; Volume 223, Issue 6 , 2015 , Pages 755-766 ; 09544119 (ISSN) ; Farahmand, F ; Meghdari, A ; Vossoughi, G ; Parnianpour, M ; Sharif University of Technology
SAGE Publications Ltd
2015
Abstract
Maximal strength measurements of the trunk have been used to evaluate the maximum functional capacity of muscles and the potential mechanical overload or overuse of the lumbar spine tissues in order to estimate the risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries. A new triaxial isometric trunk strength measurement system was designed and developed in the present study, and its reliability and performance was investigated. The system consisted of three main revolute joints, equipped with torque sensors, which intersect at L5 - S1 and adjustment facilities to fit the body anthropometry and to accommodate both symmetric and asymmetric postures in both seated and standing positions. The dynamics of...
Probabilistic multi-objective transmission investment and expansion planning
, Article International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems ; Volume 25, Issue 9 , September , 2015 , Pages 1884-1904 ; 20507038 (ISSN) ; Hosseini, S. H ; Moeini Aghtaie, M ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
2015
Abstract
In market-based planning studies, the financial aspects of transmission grids have been posed as a major challenge since these are important keys to provide a non-discriminative and competitive environment for energy market participants. In this respect, this paper proposes a probabilistic multi-objective transmission expansion planning algorithm considering private investors' preferences, technical concerns, and random nature of power system uncertainties. The combination of Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, as a widely-used robust multi-objective optimization technique, and point estimation method is employed to handle non-commensurable probabilistic objective functions. The IEEE...
Quantitative risk assessment to site CNG refuelling stations
, Article Chemical Engineering Transactions ; Volume 19 , 2010 , Pages 255-260 ; 19749791 (ISSN) ; 9788895608112 (ISBN) ; Nourai, F ; Rashtchian, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
2010
Abstract
This study considers the application of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) on the siting of compressed natural gas (CNG) stations and determining nearby land use limitations. In such cases the most important consideration is to be assured that the proposed site would not be incompatible with existing land uses in the vicinity. It is possible by the categorization of the estimated levels of individual risk (IR) which the proposed site would impose upon them. An analysis of the consequences and likelihood of credible accident scenarios coupled with acceptable risk criteria is then undertaken. This enables the IR aspects of the proposed site to be considered at an early stage to allow prompt...
Defining mitigation strategies for recurring EPC contract risks
, Article Construction Research Congress 2016: Old and New Construction Technologies Converge in Historic San Juan, CRC 2016, 31 May 2016 through 2 June 2016 ; 2016 , Pages 2773-2782 ; 9780784479827 (ISBN) ; Mortaheb, M. M ; Kashani, H ; Sharif University of Technology
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Abstract
Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts are commonly used for the construction of oil and gas production facilities. These projects are subjected to many uncertainties. EPC contractors often assume most of the project risks. Several studies have focused on the identification and analysis of EPC project risks. However, they generally fail to define appropriate and effective risk management strategies. The objective of this study is to define efficient risk mitigation strategies that can be utilized in EPC oil and gas projects. A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to identify the risks in EPC projects. Experts' opinion were used to analyze and categorize these...
A risk-based MILP approach for optimal placement of flammable gas detectors
, Article Chemical Engineering Transactions ; Volume 53 , 2016 , Pages 145-150 ; 22839216 (ISSN) ; Rashtchian, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
Abstract
Gas detectors play an important role in safety of process plants. In-time detection of flammable gas releases may prevent major fire and explosion as well as property loss in process plants. One of the challenges of the gas detection system design is determining the best layout for detectors in order to reduce the risk of gas releases as much as possible. However, current methods do not address the risk concept in placement of detectors quantitatively. A risk-based methodology is proposed for optimal placement of point type flammable gas detectors in which first the risk (defined as a combination of scenario frequency, delayed ignition probability and damage) is estimated for any release...
A statistical model to estimate flow mediated dilation using recorded finger photoplethysmogram
, Article IFMBE Proceedings, 3 December 2008 through 6 December 2008 ; Volume 23 , 2009 , Pages 18-21 ; 16800737 (ISSN) ; 9783540928409 (ISBN) ; Zahedi, E ; Mohd Ali, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Noninvasive measurement of brachial artery (BA) flow mediated dilation (FMD), commonly measured by high resolution ultrasonography, has provided a non-invasive means for the evaluation of endothelial function. Recently, another technique based on finger photopletysmogram (PPG) analysis has been proposed by the authors. In this paper, simultaneous measurement of BA FMD and PPG signals data from 86 human subjects (43 healthy and 43 risk) is analyzed and a statistical model is proposed to estimate the BA FMD based on PPG signals, the BA diameter at baseline as well as other demographics factors such as age and gender. Linear regression by multivariate analysis was conducted to obtain the...
Monitoring patient survival times in surgical systems using a risk-adjusted AFT regression chart
, Article Quality Technology and Quantitative Management ; Volume 14, Issue 2 , 2017 , Pages 237-248 ; 16843703 (ISSN) ; Akhavan Niaki, S. T ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Monitoring surgical processes has gained prominence by accounting for patients’ health condition prior to surgery in recent years. However, most of previous researchers have focused on Phase-II monitoring based on binary outcomes, while very little attention has been paid to Phase-I monitoring procedures, especially when the outcomes are continuous. In this paper, a general Phase-I accelerated failure time-based risk-adjusted control chart is proposed to monitor continuous surgical outcomes based on a likelihood-ratio test derived from a change-point model. Different from the existing models, this paper shows that continuous outcomes depend not only on the patient conditions described by the...
Financial risk constrained remote controlled switch deployment in distribution networks
, Article IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution ; Volume 12, Issue 7 , 2018 , Pages 1547-1553 ; 17518687 (ISSN) ; Safdarian, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Institution of Engineering and Technology
2018
Abstract
Recently, diverse technologies and apparatus are launched to enhance service reliability in the distribution level. In this regard, remote controlled switches (RCSs) can play a prominent role in declining interruption durations and costs. The stochastic nature of contingencies, however, imposes considerable uncertainty on the achievements of RCS deployment. This study presents a model to consider the financial risk induced by the uncertainty in an RCS placement problem. The risk awareness of distribution companies is scrutinised through an effective risk measure, i.e. conditional value at risk. In the model, the number and location of RCSs are determined such that the system expected cost is...
Correlates of self-reported driving aberrations in Tehran: A study at the level of drivers and districts
, Article Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour ; Volume 63 , 2019 , Pages 309-322 ; 13698478 (ISSN) ; Nassiri, H ; de Winter, J. C. F ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2019
Abstract
There are relatively few comprehensive studies on driving errors and violations in Iran, a non-Western country with a high traffic fatality rate. In this study, 712 drivers completed a questionnaire at technical inspection centres and carwashes in Tehran, Iran. Respondents were asked about their demographic characteristics, accident involvement, traffic fines, and driving aberrations in the form of the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ). The results of a principal component analysis of the DBQ showed a distinction between errors and two types of violations: speeding and non-speeding violations. Correlation analyses showed that DBQ violations were associated with a higher driving mileage, a...
Coupled hydro-mechanical analysis of underground gas storage at Sarajeh field, Qom formation, Iran
, Article Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering ; Volume 92 , 2021 ; 18755100 (ISSN) ; Shad, S ; Zivar, D ; Razaghi, N ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2021
Abstract
Production or injection of fluids from/in an underground storage site causes variations of pore pressure and stress states. These fluctuations significantly affect implications for hydraulic fracturing, wellbore integrity, top surface subsidence and heave, fault-reactivation, and stability of reservoir and caprock. Therefore, in order to keep optimal conditions during the process of gas injection and production, it is of paramount importance to have accurate estimates of the pore pressure. In this investigation, coupled fluid flow and geomechanical simulations, as well as rock mechanical tests, are performed on the Sarajeh field, Iran to investigate the geomechanical behavior of the Sarajeh...
Sex-Dependent estimation of spinal loads during static manual material handling activities—combined in vivo and in silico analyses
, Article Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ; Volume 9 , 2021 ; 22964185 (ISSN) ; Arjmand, N ; Pan, F ; Zander, T ; Schmidt, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Frontiers Media S.A
2021
Abstract
Manual material handling (MMH) is considered as one of the main contributors to low back pain. While males traditionally perform MMH tasks, recently the number of females who undertake these physically-demanding activities is also increasing. To evaluate the risk of mechanical injuries, the majority of previous studies have estimated spinal forces using different modeling approaches that mostly focus on male individuals. Notable sex-dependent differences have, however, been reported in torso muscle strength and anatomy, segmental mass distribution, as well as lifting strategy during MMH. Therefore, this study aimed to use sex-specific models to estimate lumbar spinal and muscle forces during...