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A novel and efficient multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives is described under catalyst-free conditions using ultrasonic irradiation. The reactions were performed via a one-pot four-component condensation of secondary amines, carbon disulfide, isocyanides, and gem-dicyano olefins at room temperature to afford polysubstituted pyrrolidines diastereoselectively in 56-96% yields. This is the first report of a Mumm-type rearrangement with dithiocarbamates followed by intramolecular cyclization, which leads to the preparation of the key structure of pyrrolidine. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche... 

The synthesis of new dispiropyrrolidines containing a thiophenone ring has been achieved by a one-pot, three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Unsaturated thiophenone dipolarophiles were reacted with azomethine ylides, generated in situ from sarcosine and cycloketone derivatives (isatin, ninhydrin, acenaphthoquinone), to produce the corresponding cycloadducts in good yields (70-90%). The cycloaddition reaction was found to be highly regio- and diastereoselective  

Memory and motor deficits are commonly identified in Parkinson's disease (PD). 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is transformed to MPP+ via monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), which causes oxidative stress and destroys dopaminergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and is widely used to create animal models of PD. However, to-date, a comprehensive analysis of the MPTP effects on various aspects of PD does not exist. Here, we provide a systematic review and meta-analysis on the MPTP effects on memory and motor functions by analyzing 51 studies on more than one thousand animals mainly including rats and mice. The results showed that in addition to motor functions... 

An efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis of novel dispiro[oxindole-3,3′-pyrrolidines] by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, in situ generated by reaction of 1,2-diones with sarcosine and subsequent decarboxylation, with a series of (E)-3-benzylidene-2,3-dihydro- 1H-indol-2-ones is reported. Molecular complexity is generated in only one synthetic step. All reactions proceed with excellent regioselectivity and in good-to-excellent yields. The workup is easy, the reaction times are short, and no catalyst is required. © 2013 Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta AG, Zürich