Sharif Digital Repository

The aim of this review is to cover advances in noble metal nanoparticle (MNP)-based biosensors and to outline the principles and main functions of MNPs in different classes of biosensors according to the transduction methods employed. The important biorecognition elements are enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, DNA sequences, and whole cells. The main readouts are electrochemical (amperometric and voltametric), optical (surface plasmon resonance, colorimetric, chemiluminescence, photoelectrochemical, etc.) and piezoelectric. MNPs have received attention for applications in biosensing due to their fascinating properties. These properties include a large surface area that enhances biorecognizers... 

Due to the important role of surface-related properties of NPs in their biological behavior, simple and fast methods that could precisely demonstrate accurate information about NPs' surface, structure and morphology are highly desirable. In this study a set of surface morphological nano-descriptors (size, shape, surface area, agglomeration state, curvature, corner count and aspect ratio) have been defined and extracted from Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images of nanoparticles (NPs) by Digital Image Processing methods. The extracted data represent a thorough description of the surface and morphologies of NPs lying beyond their TEM images and can supply the data required for a... 

The importance of hyperthermia as a promising method in disruption and removal of cancerous cells is well understood. One of the effective options of concentration of heat within a specific tissue is using laser and exploiting absorption properties of metallic nanostructures. In this report, the geometrical effect of gold nanostructures in the performance of laser based hyperthermia has been analyzed. The analysis is based on the consideration of absorption properties of gold nanostructures, interaction of laser light with a specific tissue containing nanostructures and the effect of generated heat on elevation of temperature inside the tissue. The analysis is performed using Mie theory (for... 

This work presents solid-state thermal decomposition synthesis of transition metal ferrites (MFe2O4, M = Zn, Ni, Cd). In this method, binary complexes of [Zn(en)3]3[Fe(ox)3]2, [Cd(en)3]3[Fe(ox)3]2 and [Ni(en)3]3[Fe(ox)3]2 (where en = ethylenediamine and ox = oxalate) are introduced as new single-source precursors to fabricate ZnFe2O4, CdFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 micro/nanostructures, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns show that pure CdFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 are formed by thermal decomposition of the single-source precursors at 800°C. When thermal decomposition of [Zn(en)3]3[Fe(ox)3]2 complex is carried out at 700 and 800°C, the final products are composed of ZnFe2O4 and metal oxides.... 

In this paper, three metal-organic frameworks (Materials of Institut Lavoisier: MILs-100 (Fe)) as porous nanomaterials were synthesized using FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3 and Fe2(SO4)3 and denoted as MIL-100-1, MIL-100-2 and MIL-100-3, respectively. The synthesized MILs-100 (Fe) were characterized by FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, UV–vis DRS and zeta potential. Basic Blue 41 (BB41) was used as a model dye to study the photocatalytic dye degradation ability of the synthesized metal organic frameworks. The results showed that the synthesized nanomaterials decolorized BB41. The decolorization kinetics followed first-order kinetic model. The rate constant was 0.0034, 0.0041, 0.0091 and 0.0289 (1/min) for 0.01, 0.02,... 

Nanotechnology is gaining more attention in biotechnological applications as a research area with a huge potential. Nanoparticles (NPs)can influence the rate of anaerobic digestion (AD)as the nano-sized structures, with specific physicochemical properties, interact with substrate and microorganisms. The present work has classified the various types of additives used to improve the AD processes. Nanomaterials as new additives in AD process are classified into four categories: Zero-valent metallic NPs, Metal oxide NPs, Carbon based nanomaterials, and Multi-compound NPs. In the following, application of nanomaterials in AD process is reviewed and negative and positive effects of these materials... 

Nanotechnology has illustrated significant potentials in biomolecular-sensing applications; particularly its introduction to anti-doping detection is of great importance. Illicit recreational drugs, substances that can be potentially abused, and drugs with dosage limitations according to the prohibited lists announced by the World Antidoping Agency (WADA) are becoming of increasing interest to forensic chemists. In this review, the theoretical principles of optical biosensors based on noble metal nanoparticles, and the transduction mechanism of commonly-applied plasmonic biosensors are covered. We review different classes of recently-developed plasmonic biosensors for analytic determination...