Sharif Digital Repository

We investigate thin liquid film coating of substrates with trenches via lattice Boltzmann method. The effects of different parameters such as the capillary number, the contact angles and geometric parameters on the results are studied. Our results indicate that for trench depths greater than a critical size coating of the trench is not successful. The critical depth increases by decreasing the capillary number. Moreover we find height, width, capillary number and contact angle under which the coating is successful. The results have been compared with the available results and very close agreement has been achieved  

We investigate the time-dependent evolution of thin liquid films over inclined substrates using a multi-component lattice Boltzmann algorithm. Substrates with and without grooves are considered and the effects of the inclination angle on the dynamics and the coating of the substrates are studied. Our results indicate that the dynamics is enhanced and the ridge height and its displacement are increased by increasing the inclination angle. However, by increasing the inclination angle the maximum depth that can be successfully coated is reduced. Also, although for any given groove depth the width should be larger than a critical value for successful coating, the critical width decreases for... 

The liquid film motor is a freely suspended liquid film placed between two capacitively coupled plates that rotates when an electric current is passed through it. Here we propose a theory for its rotation mechanism based on thin film electroconvection. The capacitively coupled plates induce free charges on the surfaces of the film, and the electric field on the film exerts a force that induces rotation. Results of the proposed theory and simulation are in good agreement with the experiments in different properties of the liquid film motor  

We have observed that a rotating liquid soap film generates electricity when placed between two non-contact electrodes with a sufficiently large potential difference. In our experiments, suspended liquid film (water + soap film) is formed on the surface of a circular frame, which is forced to rotate in the x−y horizontal plane by a motor. This system is located at the center of two capacitor-like vertical plates to apply an external electric voltage difference in the x-direction. The produced electric current is collected from the liquid film using two conducting electrodes that are separated in the y-direction. We previously reported that a liquid film in an external electric field rotates... 

Flow hydrodynamics of laminar falling film of aqueous Li Br solution (Li Br - H2O) on a horizontal elliptical tube has been investigated in this research. The film velocity distribution and film thickness, namely, the flow characteristics are determined by solving analytically simultaneous simplified Navier - Stokes equations and continuity equation in polar and Cartesian coordinates. The analysis is based on steady state laminar flow of falling liquid film of Li Br - H2O on a horizontal elliptical tube in polar model and Cartesian model (CM), for cases in which traction on the film surface is considered negligible. Models are compared with each other in three cases of aspect ratios (Ar),... 

Mesoscopic hydrodynamic equations are solved to investigate late-stage evolution of thin liquid films over step topographies. Different geometrical parameters including step height and initial position and configuration of resultant masses of dewetting (droplets) are probed to find their effects on the mass evolution of the system. Our results indicate that increasing the step height and locating the droplets close to the step enhance the dynamics and accelerate smaller droplet collapse  

In order to study the heat transfer mechanism and predict the heat transfer capability of a pulsating heat pipe (PHP), a numerical model was used to simulate the oscillating behavior of liquid slug considering liquid film thickness in the evaporator and reduction of liquid film thickness due to evaporation. In this article, thermal performance of an open loop closed end PHP of copper with a diameter of 1 mm and various working fluids including water (DW) and ethanol was investigated. The governing equations of mass, momentum, and energy equations were solved for liquid slug and vapor plugs. The results showed that by considering liquid film thickness behind the liquid slug, for both the... 

Liquid impingement cooling in the form of jet or spray is an appropriate method to remove heat from small surfaces progressively utilized in industry. In this study, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effect of surface structure on heat transfer characteristics. Five different three-dimensional structured surfaces are investigated using Euler-Lagrangian approach. The effect of surface structures is discussed on the liquid film thickness, the liquid film velocity, and the heat flux with its uniformity for a given spray and temperature characteristics. The results show that the convective heat transfer strongly depends on both liquid film thickness and velocity. While the... 

Velocity distributions in (r,θ) directions are evaluated by solving simultaneous simplified Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) and continuity equation (CE) in polar coordinate. The analysis is based on steady state laminar flow of thin falling liquid film on a horizontal circular tube, for cases in which traction on the film surface is considered negligible. It is a common geometry for part of engineering problems such as evaporator, condenser, absorber, generator of absorption chillers and other similar units in mechanical and chemical engineering. Knowledge of the velocity profiles is usually needed for: 1- solving governing energy and species equations 2- estimating the average and film... 

A multicomponent lattice Boltzmann scheme is used to investigate the surface coating of substrates with two topographical features by a gravity-driven thin liquid film. The considered topographies are U- and V-shaped grooves and mounds. For the case of substrates with two grooves, our results indicate that for each of the grooves there is a critical width such that if the groove width is larger than the critical width, the groove can be coated successfully. The critical width of each groove depends on the capillary number, the contact angle, the geometry, and the depth of that groove. The second groove critical width depends on, in addition, the geometry and the depth of the first groove;... 

Most of the Iranian oil reservoirs are naturally fractured. Reinfiltration is a key proceess which controls oil flow from the upper to the lower matrix block. However, theoretical modeling of fracture aperture as well as fracture dip angle effects on flow rate of drained oil during reinfilteration process remains a topic of debate in the literature. Moreover, there is no reported experience in the literature that compared the oil velocity predicted by traveling oil bridges and continuum film flow approaches. In this work reinfiltration process is modeled through two different approaches: discrete traveling liquid elements and continuum film flow along inclined fractures. For a case study... 

It is well known that electro-hydrodynamical effects in freely suspended liquid films can force liquids to flow. Here, we report a purely electrically driven rotation in water and some other liquid suspended films with full control on the velocity and the chirality of the rotating vortices. The device, which is called "film motor", consists of a quasi two-dimensional electrolysis cell in an external in-plane electric field, crossing the mean electrolysis current density. If either the external field or the electrolysis voltage exceeds some threshold (while the other does not vanish), the liquid film begins to rotate. The device works perfectly with both DC and AC fields. © Springer-Verlag... 

The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) vortices produced by an electric current in freely suspended liquid crystal (LC) films of N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4- butylaniline (MBBA), convert to a pure rotation in the presence of external electric field (E ext) perpendicular to the current direction. Here, the direction and strength of the rotation are precisely under control by our self-made device called "liquid-film motor". In this paper, we present experimental observations of the EHD fluid flow when external electric field varies from zero to a value in which pure rotation on the liquid crystal (LC) film is observed. We also show experimentally that the presence of external electric field causes a... 

Fluid flows generated on soap films by non-uniform alternating electric fields are studied. Two parallel metal rods subjected to an AC voltage are placed perpendicular to the soap film, which is anchored in a dielectric frame. The fluid flow is generated by electrohydrodynamic induction. At very low signal frequencies there is induced surface charge, but there is no tangential electric field at the surface, so there is no force and no flow. Fluid flow is observed increasing the frequency, when there are both surface charge and tangential electric field. The flow velocity increases with decreasing thickness of the soap film  

This study presents a new method to develop a thin controllable retarder/modulator with spatial axial symmetry by rotating a freely suspended of 4-Cyano-4-n-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) and N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4-butylaniline (MBBA) liquid crystal films using mechanical method or as a liquid film motor