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Fabrication of polyethylene separator for lead-acid batteries from waste and recycled silica and investigation of its performance
, Article Journal of Cleaner Production ; Volume 250 , 2020 ; Nowrouzi, M ; Nemati, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2020
Abstract
Reclaimed silica from spent lead-acid battery separator was exploited by pyrolysis process to avoid further extraction of raw materials and energy-consuming methods and was mixed with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as a matrix to fabricate a workable separator to be used in a simulated procedure in a lead-acid battery. On the other hand, fresh silica was catered and undergone similar production design to examine our product. As results showed, recycled silica after acid washing to deplete lead impurities and reaching 95.7% purity, had finer particles which contributed to some exciting functions of the separator. This microporous separator with appropriate silica dispersion, ideal...
Investigation of the Effect Recycled Nanosilica from Battery Separator by Pyrolysis Method on Mechanical Properties and Adhesion between Rubber and Steel
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Pircheraghi, Gholamreza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Creating sustainable development in today's human societies is essential, one of the pillars of achieving this important goal is environmental protection. Thus, waste management as a new challenge is leading engineers. Lead-acid battery waste is one of the sources of environmental pollution. Lead-acid battery separators contain 50% recyclable nanosilica. The main challenge of recycling nanosilica from separators is the presence of significant amounts of 6 to 9% wt.% of lead and 5% by weight of other impurities. Therefore, in the present study, lead trapped in the separating pores is removed using mechanical washing or abrasive washing. Then, the quality of recycled nanosilica is evaluated...
A mathematical model of nanoparticulate mixed oxide pseudocapacitors; Part II: The effects of intrinsic factors
, Article Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry ; Volume 15, Issue 1 , 2011 , Pages 115-123 ; 14328488 (ISSN) ; Gobal, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Our previously reported mathematical model for a mixed oxide nanoparticulate-based supercapacitor containing RuO2·xH2O and MO2·yH2O (M being another suitable transition metal) was analyzed. Both double-layer and faradaic processes responsible for charge/discharge were considered. The effects of the intrinsic factors, unit cell length, state of charge, and the exchange current densities of the electrochemical processes of the constituents on the performance of the model supercapacitor were clarified. Compensation effects where each constituent compensates the shortcomings of the other at specific conditions of discharge are analyzed in the light of the model
Investigation of the Effect of Various Electrolyte Additives to Increase the Overpotential of the Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions in Lead-Acid Batteries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taherinia, Davood (Supervisor)
Abstract
Lead-acid batteries have been used for over 150 years as a reliable means of storing electrical energy. These batteries have a variety of applications due to their high safety, reliable performance, and relatively easy manufacturing process, including in car starters, car lighting and combustion, electric vehicles (especially electric bicycles), and the resulting electrical energy storage. From renewable sources or pulsed power supplies in hybrid electric vehicles. Despite increasing advances in the performance and design of these batteries, there are still problems in this area. One of the most important of these is the electrolysis of water as a side reaction, which leads to the production...
Development of Smart Charger in Standalone Solar Inverter
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Rajabi Qahnuyeh, Abbas
(Supervisor)
Abstract
The advantages of using solar energy, including absence of environmental pollution, renewability, availability, ease of installation and use, and has attracted much attention of researchers. Expanding the use of solar energy in remote areas where national grid coverage is weak, makes off-grid inverter vital role clear. The swinging nature of solar energy requires the use of electrical energy storage and battery charger for optimum energy extraction in a technically and economically manner. The aim of this project is to develop a Smart Charger in Standalone Solar Inverter. Charger circuit design has been done in order to accommodate a 4kW inverter. Selected Charger topology is the...
Reliability Incorporated Modeling and Analysis of Lead Acid Battery in Renewable Energy Systems
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rajabi Qahnuyeh, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Energy and environment crisis in past decades raised concerns about fossil fuels use and has accelerated renewable energy application in terms of solar electric, solar thermal and wind turbines. Due to the fluctuating nature in renewable resources, renewable electric power generation has a stochastic nature that makes it difficult to use by the electricity consumers. Energy storage plays a key role to put more control on renewable power generation.Lead-acid battery is a storage technology that is widely used in photovoltaic systems. Battery investment and maintenance costs account for a big part of photovoltaic system costs. Charging and discharging profiles of the battery has a great impact...
Wind energy status of Iran: Evaluating Iran's technological capability in manufacturing wind turbines
, Article Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ; Volume 15, Issue 8 , 2011 , Pages 4200-4211 ; 13640321 (ISSN) ; Mousavi, S. M ; Nasiri, M ; Moallemi, E. A ; Yousefdehi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Iran, as a developing country, will be confronted with a significant increase in electricity demand in future years. Being a petroleum producing country has resulted in extreme subsidies for energy production from fossilized resources such as oil and gas. This issue is one of the most important factors regarding underdevelopment of renewable energies in Iran. Expansive use of fossil resources in providing the necessary energy has resulted in Iran being among the 20 countries that have a share in the 75% spread of greenhouse gases. This issue has resulted in greater attention on behalf of the energy sectors policy makers regarding renewable energies, especially wind. Awareness regarding the...
Explicit degradation modelling in optimal lead-acid battery use for photovoltaic systems
, Article IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution ; Volume 10, Issue 4 , 2016 , Pages 1098-1106 ; 17518687 (ISSN) ; Rajabi Ghahnavieh, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Institution of Engineering and Technology
2016
Abstract
Lead-acid battery is a storage technology that is widely used in photovoltaic (PV) systems. Battery charging and discharging profiles have a direct impact on the battery degradation and battery loss of life. This study presents a new 2-model iterative approach for explicit modelling of battery degradation in the optimal operation of PV systems. The proposed approach consists of two models: namely, economic model and degradation model which are solved iteratively to reach the optimal solution. The economic model is a linear programming optimisation problem that calculates the optimal hourly battery use profile based on an assumed value of the battery degradation cost. The degradation model,...
Fabrication of a form-stable phase change material with green fatty acid and recycled silica nanoparticles from spent lead-acid battery separators with enhanced thermal conductivity
, Article Thermochimica Acta ; Volume 693 , November , 2020 ; Pircheraghi, G ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2020
Abstract
Massive amounts of spent lead-acid battery separators with 50 wt % silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) can be recycled for further use. One compelling application is form-stable phase change materials (FSPCMs). This study proposes a novel tertiary eutectic mixture of green and non-toxic lauric acid, palmitic acid, and paraffin, and recycled SiNPs to find a sustainable approach to deal with industrial wastes and energy consumption. Fatty acids and paraffin are promising for thermal energy storage in buildings. However, they lack sufficient thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and suffer from leakage. To give mechanical strength, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was added and sintered....
Optimal RTU placement in power distribution systems using a novel method based on analytical hierarchical process (AHP)
, Article 2011 10th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering, EEEIC.EU 2011 - Conference Proceedings ; 2011 ; Kazemi, A. R ; Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
In a practical power system, automating all the substations is neither affordable nor economically justifiable. On the other hand, the trend for electric power subsidies elimination in some regions, such as Iran, aggravates this situation. To enhance the cost effectiveness of distribution automation system, this paper proposes a novel applicable qualitative-quantitative method using analytical hierarchical process (AHP) to find the optimum placement of remote terminal units (RTU). Entire attempt is to contribute all the crucial technical and practical parameters related to this problem in order to find the most reliable solution. Optimum number of RTUs is determined using the concepts of...
An alternative approach for the prevention of deforestation using renewable energies as substitute
, Article Renewable Energy ; Volume 49 , March , 2013 , Pages 77-79 ; 09601481 (ISSN) ; Ghazi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The promotion of the adoption of renewable energies in deprived and remote areas can be considered as an important step towards reduction of threats to the loss of biodiversity through community mobilization. One important outcome is mitigation of the deforestation processes through firewood collection. The aim is achievement of sustainable development of the forest biodiversity, awareness raising and the capacity building for execution of similar projects. The social and economical aspects and the obstacles for execution of such project were investigated and guidelines were prepared to facilitate the promotion of renewable energy in similar small communities
Incorporating experts knowledge in RTU placement procedure using fuzzy sets theory-a practical approach
, Article INTELEC, International Telecommunications Energy Conference (Proceedings), 9 October 2011 through 13 October 2011 ; October , 2011 , Page(s): 1 - 10 ; 02750473 (ISSN) ; 9781457712494 (ISBN) ; Razi Kazemi, A. A ; Karami, G ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
So far, the need for power systems to be control automated has been approached. Moreover, the advent of smart technological infrastructures calls for a more systematic and well-designed schemes for data acquisition process. Hence, Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) are going to be considered as a crucial part of smart grid puzzle in power distribution systems. This paper aims to present a novel practical approach to have the RTU placement dilemma unraveled in power distribution systems. Practically approaching in this paper, some pragmatic factors of major importance in this respect are introduced. A framework with which the utility's experts' knowledge could be efficiently exploited is presented...
A probabilistic approach for remote terminal unit placement in power distribution systems
, Article INTELEC, International Telecommunications Energy Conference (Proceedings) ; 2011 ; 02750473 (ISSN) ; 9781457712494 (ISBN) ; Dehghanian, P ; Karami, G ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
This paper investigates a reliability-centered approach for the placement procedure of remote terminal units (RTUs) in power distribution systems. Entire attempt is contributed to incorporate the practical aspects interrelated with the problem, e.g. the accessibility to the candidate substations, the load point criticality, as well as the load probabilistic behavior and consequently the inevitable variation in the electricity price. The placement process is done through an optimization problem wherein the common reliability indices, as the decisive factors in the placement process, are going to be minimized. The approach is successfully applied to a real power distribution feeder of Iran's...
Optimal RTU placement in power distribution systems using a novel method based on analytical hierarchical process (AHP)
, Article 2011 10th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering, EEEIC.EU 2011 - Conference Proceedings, 8 May 2011 through 11 May 2011 ; May , 2011 , Page(s): 1 - 4 ; 9781424487820 (ISBN) ; Kazemi, A. R ; Fotuhi Firuzabad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
In a practical power system, automating all the substations is neither affordable nor economically justifiable. On the other hand, the trend for electric power subsidies elimination in some regions, such as Iran, aggravates this situation. To enhance the cost effectiveness of distribution automation system, this paper proposes a novel applicable qualitative-quantitative method using analytical hierarchical process (AHP) to find the optimum placement of remote terminal units (RTU). Entire attempt is to contribute all the crucial technical and practical parameters related to this problem in order to find the most reliable solution. Optimum number of RTUs is determined using the concepts of...
Estimation of the kinetic parameters of processes at the negative plate of lead-acid batteries by impedance studies
, Article Journal of Power Sources ; Volume 195, Issue 17 , September , 2010 , Pages 5789-5793 ; 03787753 (ISSN) ; Hejabi, M ; Gobal, F ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
Impedance characteristics of the negative electrode of lead-acid battery were derived on the basis of fundamental interfacial processes occurring at the electrode. The solution of the governing equations was presented in terms of a simple equivalent circuit consisting of resistive and capacitive loops in which charge transfer and sulfate layer formation and also mass transfer (Warburg) elements are considered. The kinetic parameters were deduced by fitting the theoretically derived impedance to the experimental data. Impedance at various States of Charge (SoC) was also examined
Compromising wind and solar energies from the power system adequacy viewpoint
, Article IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ; Volume 27, Issue 4 , 2012 , Pages 2368-2376 ; 08858950 (ISSN) ; Fotuhi Firuzabad, M ; Aminifar, F ; Sharif University of Technology
IEEE
2012
Abstract
Miscellaneous sorts of renewable energies, despite of their positive impacts on the power system operation cost and environmental concerns, could jeopardize the system reliability due to introducing significant degrees of intermittency and uncertainty. This challenge could be overcome by composing various sources of renewable energies with complimentary natures. This paper devises an explicit mathematical framework to compromise the contribution of wind and solar energies. The optimization problem is to maximize the system reliability subject to a fixed monetary investment associated with both wind and solar. The problem formulation is based on mixed-integer programming (MIP) format in which...