Sharif Digital Repository

In the metal deposition process, the performance of the nozzle is crucial to the quality of clad. Continuous coaxial nozzles are broadly used in this process for repairing two- and three-dimensional parts, because it can create a homogeneous distribution of powder particles. In addition, an inert gas can be applied using this type of nozzles which shields powder particles and laser interaction zone, and prevents the surface from oxidizing at high process temperatures. However, when this type of nozzle is tilted from the vertical axis for cladding non-horizontal surfaces, the effect of gravity on powder particles affects the uniformity of powder distribution at the nozzle outlet. This matter... 

In the metal deposition process, the performance of the nozzle is crucial to the quality of clad. Continuous coaxial nozzles are broadly used in this process for repairing two- and three-dimensional parts, because it can create a homogeneous distribution of powder particles. In addition, an inert gas can be applied using this type of nozzles which shields powder particles and laser interaction zone, and prevents the surface from oxidizing at high process temperatures. However, when this type of nozzle is tilted from the vertical axis for cladding non-horizontal surfaces, the effect of gravity on powder particles affects the uniformity of powder distribution at the nozzle outlet. This matter... 

Hybrid photovoltaic–thermal collectors (PVT) are cogeneration components that convert solar energy into both electricity and heat. Pulsating heat pipe (PHP) is a fast-responding, flexible and high-performance thermal-conducting device. The aim of this work is design and performance of a novel hybrid photovoltaic–thermal collector with pulsating heat pipe (PVTPHP) for improving the electrical efficiency, by reducing the photovoltaic panel’s temperature, as well as taking advantage of the thermal energy produced. An experimental setup of PVTPHP is constructed, and its operating parameters are measured. The measured parameters include solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, filling... 

In the present research an experimental investigation is performed to explore the effects of working fluid, heat input, ferrofluid concentration, magnets location, and inclination angle on the thermal performance of an Open Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe (OLPHP). Obtained results show that using ferrofluid can improve the thermal performance and applying a magnetic field on the water based ferrofluid decreases the thermal resistance. It shows that at an inclination angle of the OLPHP to be zero, the thermal performance of the present OLPHP reduces. Best heat transfer capability was achieved at 67.5 degree relative to horizontal axis for all of working fluids. Variation of the magnets location... 

Helical swimming robots with a capable propulsion system at low-Reynolds numbers have been proposed for many applications. Although linear propulsion characteristics of swimming robots with a single helical flagellum have been extensively studied, the characteristics of maneuverability have not been completely investigated yet. This study presents a new method for the maneuverability of the helical swimming robot with a single helical flagellum. This mechanism is based on the change in the angle between the helical and body axes. This study shows that a change in the aforementioned angle can enable the swimming robot to have turning maneuvers in clockwise or counterclockwise directions.... 

Helical swimming robots with a capable propulsion system at low-Reynolds numbers have been proposed for many applications. Although linear propulsion characteristics of swimming robots with a single helical flagellum have been extensively studied, the characteristics of maneuverability have not been completely investigated yet. This study presents a new method for the maneuverability of the helical swimming robot with a single helical flagellum. This mechanism is based on the change in the angle between the helical and body axes. This study shows that a change in the aforementioned angle can enable the swimming robot to have turning maneuvers in clockwise or counterclockwise directions.... 

For the present article, a pulsating heat pipe (PHP) is fabricated and tested experimentally by bending a copper tube. The effects of working fluid, heat input, charging ratio, inclination angle, magnets location, and ferrofluid (magnetic nanofluid) volumetric concentration have been investigated on the thermal performance of this PHP. Experimental results show that using ferrofluid as a working fluid improves the thermal performance of the PHP significantly. Moreover, applying a magnetic field on a ferrofluidic PHP reduces its thermal resistance. By changing the inclination angle of the PHP from vertical mode to angles close to the horizontal mode, the present PHP has a constant and... 

In this study, the influence of volumetric flow rate and inclination angle of air jet is evaluated on the performance of a Saccardo ventilation system in a straight rectangular tunnel in case of fire. Simultaneous effects of volumetric flow rate and inclination angle of jet exiting the Saccardo nozzle on the behavior of smoke plume is considered by studying the structure of velocity profile before the fire source. It is found that this factor has a remarkable influence on the behavior of smoke plume and therefore, on the temperatures experienced near the fire. Besides, the influence of tunnel slope on the performance of the Saccardo system to sweep the plume is investigated. It is shown that... 

This paper presents results from a series of constant normal load direct shear tests on artificially created rock joints, in an attempt to quantify the effects of different factors that contribute to the shear strength along "ideal" rock joints. Particular focus is given to the effect of asperity orientation with respect to the direction of shearing. In many historical rock joint shear strength criteria, the effect of a joint's roughness on the joint shear strength is described based on analysis of only a single profile in the direction of shearing. More recent studies have observed that the distribution of sheared area on a joint surface during shear is significantly affected by the... 

We investigate the time-dependent evolution of thin liquid films over inclined substrates using a multi-component lattice Boltzmann algorithm. Substrates with and without grooves are considered and the effects of the inclination angle on the dynamics and the coating of the substrates are studied. Our results indicate that the dynamics is enhanced and the ridge height and its displacement are increased by increasing the inclination angle. However, by increasing the inclination angle the maximum depth that can be successfully coated is reduced. Also, although for any given groove depth the width should be larger than a critical value for successful coating, the critical width decreases for... 

In this study, performance of a flat plate solar collector operating in conjunction with a closed-loop pulsating heat pipe is investigated experimentally. The experiments were carried out in Yazd, Iran. The experimental setup consisted of a flat plate solar collector, pulsating heat pipe, and a tank. The pulsating heat pipe's evaporator is located inside the flat plate collector. In order to investigate the effect of the evaporator length on the efficiency of the system, three different length collectors are manufactured in the evaporating section. In addition, the effects of the pulsating heat pipe filling ratio, inclination angle, and flow rate are investigated for each collector... 

The current study presents a numerical investigation on turbulent hydrothermal characteristics in a wavy passage equipped with discontinuous twisted tapes. The working fluid is water and passage walls are kept under constant wall temperature. The effect of Reynolds number (Re = 2500, 4500, 6500, 8500 and 10500), twist angle (TA = 90∘ and 180∘) and inclination angle (IA = 15∘ and 30∘) on velocity fields and streamlines, temperature contours, Nusselt number, friction factor, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), thermal performance factor (TPF), energy efficiency factor (EEF) and entropy generation rate are evaluated. More uniform temperature and velocity fields can be found as both wavy passage and... 

Stability analysis of a horizontal cantilevered pipe conveying fluid with an inclined terminal nozzle is considered in this paper. The pipe is modelled as a cantilevered Euler-Bernoulli beam, and the flow-induced inertia, Coriolis and centrifugal forces along the pipe as well as the follower force induced by the jet-flow are taken into account. The governing equations of the coupled bending-torsional vibrations of the pipe are obtained using extended Hamilton's principle and are then discretized via the Galerkin method. The resulting eigenvalue problem is then solved, and several cases are examined to determine the effect of nozzle inclination angle, nozzle aspect ratio, mass ratio and... 

Currently, the thermal management of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) has become a challenge. In the present research, a micro pulsating heat pipe (MPHP) with a hydraulic diameter of 508 lm, is experimented. The thermal performance of the MPHP in both the transient and steady conditions, the effects of the working fluid (water, silver nanofluid, and ferrofluid), heating power (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 W), charging ratio (20, 40, 60, and 80%), inclination angle (0 deg, 25 deg, 45 deg, 75 deg, and 90 deg relative to horizontal axis), and the application of magnetic field, are investigated and thoroughly discussed. The experimental results show that the optimum charging ratio for water... 

Solar energy is turning to one of the important types of clean energies, due to its availability, and its potential for wide range of applications. In this work, a new passive solar desalination system is introduced, which benefits from excellences of twin-glass evacuated tube collectors. For the first time, the evacuated tube collector is not only used as the solar thermal collector, but also as a basin to heat the water. Hence, the thermal resistance between the collector and basin is virtually eliminated. Results show a considerable increase in the rate of desalinated water production and the maximum production reaches up to 0.83 kg/(m2·h). It was observed that the maximum rate of the... 

In this study, a novel Magnetically Variable Conductance Thermosyphon Heat Pipe (MVCTHP) was investigated experimentally. The possibility of deactivating a portion of evaporator length and subsequently altering heat pipe resistance by positioning a steel ball inside the evaporator and moving it by an external magnet was studied. The effect of various ball positions in the evaporator and inclination angles on heat pipe performance was studied at 30, 60, 90 and 120 W. The results indicated that at a given heat input, moving the ball away from the beginning of the evaporator of heat pipe increases its thermal resistance. Furthermore, by increasing heat input, MVCTHP performance for various ball... 

Wettability is one of the most important factors which significantly influences solar still efficiency. Moreover, it determines the condensation mode, i.e., filmwise or dropwise condensation. In the present study, materials with different wettability were applied as the condensing surface to evaluate the effect of wettability on the distillate production of a single slope solar still. To compare the effects of dropwise and filmwise condensation on the condensate yield, the wettability of the condensing surface was changed by applying a nano-silicon solution according to a dip coating technique. All the experiments were conducted at three surface inclination angles. The results revealed that... 

Renewable energies could be a good solution to the problems associated with fossil fuels. The storage of wind energy by means of small-scale devices rather than large-scale turbines is a topic that has gained lots of interest. In this study, a compact device is proposed to harvest wind energy and transform it into electrical energy, by means of oscillations of a magnet into a coil, using the concept of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) behind a barrier. For a more comprehensive investigation, this system is studied from two viewpoints of fluid mechanics (without magnet) and power generation (with the magnet). For this purpose, an oscillating plate hinging on one side and three barriers with... 

The present research proposes an effective method to enhance the heat transport capability of conventional electronic coolers and improve their thermal management. Pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) are outstanding heat transfer devices in the field of electronic cooling. In the present study, two sets of open-loop pulsating heat pipes (OLPHPs) for two different magnetic nanofluids (with and without surfactant) were fabricated and their thermal performance was experimentally investigated. Effects of working fluid (water and two types of magnetic nanofluids), heating power, charging ratio, nanofluid concentration, inclination angle, application of a magnetic field, and magnet location are described.... 

In this paper, the effect of different parameters on the thermal operation of a Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe (CLPHP) has been investigated. These parameters include the working fluid, the inclination angle, the filling ratio, and the input heat flux. The effect of nanoparticle mass concentrations has been analyzed as well. It was observed that the CLPHP can decrease thermal resistance up to 11.5 times compared to the same empty copper tube with thermal resistance of 9.4 K/W. Optimum thermal operation for a system with the water-silver nanofluid was achieved at conditions of the 50% filling ratio with thermal resistance of 0.9 K/W, and for the water-titanium oxide system, the optimal...