Sharif Digital Repository

Inrecent years,research onionic liquidsarehighly developed. Because ofthe uniqueproperties ofionic liquidssuch asnegligiblevapor pressureandthermalstability for use inlarge areasofmajor industries have been considered.However,ionic liquids because they have lessenvironmental wasteas an alternative to convention alorganic solventssuch asaminesalkanolanarise.Ionic liquid sassolventsfor theremoval ofacid gases such as water and gasare investigated. The solubility of CO2 and H2S in the [Emim] [OTF] (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate) in the temperature range 303.15 to 343.15 K and pressures up to 2 MPa has been studied experimentally. In order to capture modeling, the model equations of state... 

There are more than one million motorcycles in the city of Tehran that are responsible for significant amounts of various air pollutants emissions such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. Oxidation catalysis, as the exhaust aftertreatment system of motorcycles, can reduce the emission of CO and hydrocarbon pollutants. The efficiency of these catalysts under typical operating conditions of vehicle exhaust gas has been studied in the literature. However, due to the specific features of motorcycles exhaust gas in Tehran, such as ultra-rich combustion, low air to fuel ratio (lambdas as low as 0.6-0.7), different exhaust gas composition and significant amount of lubricating oil consumption,... 

Vehicle exhaust gas catalysts play a significant role in air pollution control. In order to solve the problems of cold start and limited supply of precious metals, new studies have focused on the development of three-way catalysts for gasoline vehicles with small amounts of precious metals and increase thermal stability. Different metal ions, especially rare earth metals, due to different physical and chemical properties, show different reinforcing effects on the properties of ceria-zirconia-based materials. Previous studies have shown that the enhancing effect of these materials and the ceria-zirconia ratio on catalyst activity and stability, as well as studies on thermal stability at 1050... 

Over one million motorcycles operating in Tehran produce significant amounts of CO and unburnt hydrocarbons, thereby considered as one of the major contributors to air pollution in the city of Tehran. Oxidation catalysts, as emission control device, can reduce CO and hydrocarbon emissions from motorcycles. The efficiency of these catalysts under typical operating conditions of vehicles exhaust gas has been studied in the literature. However, due to the specific features of motorcycles exhaust gas in Tehran, such as low air to fuel ratio, different exhaust gas composition and significant amount of lubricating oil consumption, selection of a highly active, durable and cost-effective catalyst... 

In the upstream part of the natural gas supply chain, the refinery is one of the most complex and energy-intensive sectors that has received little attention. Enterprise-wide optimization, that uses mathematical programming in a centralized and multi-scale point of view, and nonlinear models of the manufacturing sector, can provide optimal plans and operational variables for the production goals of the supply chain. In this research, a multi-scale formulation is presented with a production planning model in one to two-year horizon and six-month time periods and production operational scheduling models with six-month horizon to approach the enterprise-wide optimization of a general gas... 

In the upstream part of the natural gas supply chain, the refinery is one of the most complex and energy-intensive sectors that has received little attention. Enterprise-wide optimization, that uses mathematical programming in a centralized and multi-scale point of view, and nonlinear models of the manufacturing sector, can provide optimal plans and operational variables for the production goals of the supply chain. In this research, a multi-scale formulation is presented with a production planning model in one to two-year horizon and six-month time periods and production operational scheduling models with six-month horizon to approach the enterprise-wide optimization of a general gas... 

Sulfur oxides are categorized as one of the most important poisoning and activity-reducer groups acting on the catalytic converters present in the exhaust treatment systems. In the present work, interactions of the SOX species with diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs) are investigated by implementing a kinetic modeling approach. Experimental data obtained from a catalyst of this type, i.e., Pt/γ-Al2O3, was employed and a multi-step microkinetic model was developed in Matlab 2018b® to proxy the poisoning effect of the adsorption of surface sulfur species and their desorption behavior. The microkinetic model was run to describe the individual SO2 and SO3 adsorption-desorption process using the...