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gas-injection
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Experimental investigation and modeling of asphaltene precipitation due to Gas Injection
, Article Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Volume 31, Issue 1 , 2012 , Pages 89-98 ; 10219986 (ISSN) ; Rashtchian, D ; Ganjeh Ghazvini, M ; Emadi, M. A ; Dabir, B ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Asphaltene instability is one of the major problems in gas injection projects throughout the world. Numerous models have been developed to predict asphaltene precipitation; The scaling equation is an attractive tool because of its simplicity and not involving complex properties of asphaltene. In this work, a new scaling model is presented to account for asphaltene precipitation due to gas injection at reservoir conditions. Extensive published data from literature have been used in model preparation. To check predictive capability of the equation, miscible gas injection experiments are conducted for a southwest Iranian oil reservoir. Experimental results show that methane injection has...
Investigation of the minimum miscibility pressure for injection of two different gases into two Iranian oil reservoirs: experimental and theory
, Article Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering ; Volume 95, Issue 5 , 2017 , Pages 1014-1020 ; 00084034 (ISSN) ; Keshavarzi, B ; Ghotbi, C ; Sharif University of Technology
Wiley-Liss Inc
2017
Abstract
The results of the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) determination for miscible injection of CO2 and an associated gas of one of Iranian gas reservoirs into two different oil samples using a slim tube device are presented. For an effective determination of the MMP cell-to-cell slim tube simulation was performed for each case before performing the slim tube experiment and the results were used to determine the pressure intervals in the slim tube experiment. A comparison between the measured MMP values from the slim tube experiments and those calculated by cell-to-cell simulation revealed that the cell-to-cell simulation can be a substitute to slim tube test in cases where time is a primary...
Experimental study and simulation of different EOR techniques in a non-fractured carbonate core from an Iranian offshore oil reservoir
, Article Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Volume 27, Issue 2 , 2008 , Pages 81-91 ; 10219986 (ISSN) ; Badakhshan, A ; Taghikhani, V ; Rashtchian, D ; Ghotbi, C ; Sajjadian, V.A ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
In this research the experimental and theoretical studies on different Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques, i.e. Water Flooding (WF), Gas Injection (GI) and Water Alternating Gas process (WAG) were performed on specimens taken from an Iranian carbonate offshore reservoir at the reservoir condition. The experimental results for each specified techniques were compared with the corresponding results obtained from a simulation model. In the case of WF and GI, the injection rates were set to be 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 cc/min while for the WAG experiments, with two WAG ratios 1 and 2 and with 7, 7, and 10 cycles, the injection rates were 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 cc/min. The results obtained from the...
Experimental and computer based simulation study of WAG process
, Article CHISA 2006 - 17th International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering, Prague, 27 August 2006 through 31 August 2006 ; 2006 ; 8086059456 (ISBN); 9788086059457 (ISBN) ; Kharrat, R ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Khodabakhsh, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2006
Abstract
In reservoirs that have been water flooded or gas injected, it is still a significant amount of the remaining oil. Water alternative gas injection is a tertiary oil recovery method which was used for the first time in Canada for recovering remained oil in place of reservoir. The pore-scale mechanisms of this process are not fully understood yet. Such knowledge is essential for accurate modelling of reservoir. In this study various experiments on the WAG process is carried out by means of high pressure glass type micromodel instrument. The micromodel apparatus in this experiment was capable to operate at pressures up to 3500 Psi and temperatures up to 85°C which is similar to conventional...
Investigation the Optimum Condition for Gas Injection into the Oil Reservoirs by Measuring the Interfacial Tension
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghotbi, Cyrus (Supervisor) ; Robert, Marc (Supervisor) ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor)
Abstract
Interfacial Tension (IFT) as a main parameter for gas flooding efficiency in oil reservoirs depends highly on pressure, temperature, and composition of the reservoir fluids. Therefore, it is important to measure this parameter at real reservoir condition for successful field development plan. In this study, an axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) has been utilized to measure the equilibrium IFTs in crude oil-flue gas systems at different temperatures and pressures. Moreover, minimum miscibility pressures (MMP) of crude oil/flue gas and crude oil/N2 systems at different temperature levels are determined by applying vanishing interfacial tension (VIT) technique. Then, the effect of oil...
Mathematical Modeling of Diffusion in Fractured Media for Gas Injection
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Shadizadeh, Reza (Supervisor) ; Ayatollahi, Shahabeddin (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
It is common to inject gas in naturally fractured reservoirs to maintain the reservoir pressure. Recovery will be the result of the complex interplay of several mechanisms such as viscous flow, extraction by molecular diffusion, gravity drainage, oil swelling and capillary force. Generally the main mechanism is gravity drainage However in many cases like low permeability of matrix, small matrix block size and high capillary pressure; gravity drainage may be very low or ineffective. Low permeability results inefficient viscous displacement too. Therefore in these cases the main mechanism is diffusion. The parameters influences the diffusion are: The nature of the injected gas, the composition...
Numerical Simulation of Cavitating Flows with Ventilation Using Multiphase Navier-Stokes Equations
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Hejranfar, Kazem (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this study, the numerical simulation of natural and ventilated cavitating flows is performed. The algorithm employs the homogenous, multiphase Navier-Stokes equations with appropriate mass transfer terms.The base line differential equations system is comprised of the mixture volume, mixture momentum and constituent volume fraction equations. A three species differential formulation is considered for constituent volume fraction transport/generation of liquid, condensable vapor and non-condensable gas fields.The system of governing equations is discretized using a cell-centered finite volume Roe’s upwind scheme. Both laminar and turbulent cavitating flows are considered in this study. For...
A comparison of WAG and SWAG processes: Laboratory and simulation studies
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 35, Issue 23 , 2013 , Pages 2225-2232 ; 15567036 (ISSN) ; Kharrat, R ; Alizadeh, N ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The use of water-alternating-gas injection can potentially lead to improved oil recovery from the fields; simultaneous water and gas injection is a form of water-alternating-gas injection. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of these processes and the need for comparative work is inevitable. Core flood experiments and compositional simulations of water-alternating-gas and simultaneous water and gas processes are presented. Immiscible, near miscible, and miscible modes of injection are covered. Matching process is done and optimization of design parameters (injection rate, slug size, water-alternating-gas ratio, and injection gas) is performed. Experimental data demonstrate...
An experimental investigation of sequential CO2 and N 2 gas injection as a new EOR Method
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Vol. 36, Issue. 17 , 2014 , pp. 1938-1948 ; ISSN: 15567230 ; Shadizadeh, S. R ; Vosoughi, M ; Kharrat, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Typical non-hydrocarbon gases, which have been utilized in miscible and immiscible processes, are carbon dioxide and nitrogen. These gases are usually injected separately and have been rarely utilized together as a tertiary recovery process. In this article, the authors have experimentally focused on sequential carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas injection as a new enhanced oil recovery method. The periodic injections of carbon dioxide and nitrogen have been repeated for six injection pore volumes. Sensitivity analysis of injection pressure, injection volume, and injection rate has also been investigated in core flood experiments. The experimental results have revealed that a sequential miscible...
Experimental and modelling investigations of asphaltene precipitation during pressure depletion and gas injection operations
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Vol. 32, issue. 15 , August , 2014 , pp. 1868-1875 ; ISSN: 10916466 ; Alizadeh, A ; Afshari, S ; Kharrat, R ; Ghazanfari, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Asphaltene precipitation problems manifest themselves in different stages of oil reservoirs production. Experimental and modeling investigations are, therefore, employed as promising tools to assist in predictions of asphaltene precipitation problems and selection of proper production facilities. This study concerns experimental and modeling investigations of asphaltene precipitation during natural production and gas injection operations for a heavy Iranian crude oil at reservoir conditions. First, with design and performance of high pressure-high temperature experiments, asphaltene precipitation behavior is comprehensively investigated; the effects of pressure and temperature are fully...
Experimental analysis of secondary gas injection strategies
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 31, Issue 8 , 2013 , Pages 797-802 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Alizadeh, N ; Kharrat, R ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Laki, A. S ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
CO2 injection is a potentially viable method of enhanced oil recovery for medium oil reservoirs. The authors compare the effect of gas injection strategy (simultaneous water-alternating gas [SWAG], water-alternating gas [WAG], and continuous gas injection [CGI]) on recovery in immiscible, near-miscible, and miscible modes of injection. It has been proved that CGI is not the most efficient injection scenario in oil-wet reservoirs. Miscible and near-miscible core flood tests demonstrated high oil recoveries in all injection strategies due to high capillary numbers achieved as a result of miscibility. The fluid mechanics of floods were discussed using pressure drop data, different mechanics was...
Determining influence of different factors on production optimization by developing production scenarios
, Article Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology ; Volume 8, Issue 2 , June , 2018 , Pages 505-520 ; 21900558 (ISSN) ; Daryasafar, A ; Bakhshi, P ; Tavakoli, R ; Ghayyem, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2018
Abstract
Production optimization is defined as the process of maximizing oil production over the long term while minimizing total production costs. The overall goal is to achieve the optimum profitability from the well or field. In this process, the reservoir system can be considered as a multiple input–output system. In this complex system injection and production wells are known as inputs and outputs. The output of the system is often affected by various parameters consisting reservoir conditions, petrophysics, and PVT data. The optimization of the injector rates and number and installation of submersible pumps are the main issues which have been studied in this paper. Determining the factor with...
Mechanistic study to investigate the effects of different gas injection scenarios on the rate of asphaltene deposition: An experimental approach
, Article Fuel ; Volume 262 , 2020 ; Zanganeh, P ; Kord, S ; Ayatollahi, S ; Amiri, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2020
Abstract
Asphaltene deposition during enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes is one of the most problematic challenges in the petroleum industry, potentially resulting in flow blockage. Our understanding of the deposition mechanism with emphasis on the rate of the asphaltene deposition is still in its infancy and must be developed through a range of experiments and modelling studies. This study aims to investigate the rate of asphaltene deposition through a visual study under different gas injection scenarios. To visualise the asphaltene deposition, a high-pressure setup was designed and constructed, which enables us to record high-quality images of the deposition process over time. Present research...
Aluminum Foam Production Using Gas Injection In Melting
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sadrnezhad, Khatiboleslam (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this research, aluminum composite foams reinforced with silicon carbides were manufactured using melt direct foaming with gas. The density of produced foams changed from 0.1 to 0.35 g cm-3. At first, simulation of bubble configuration was carried out in order to specify the effective parameters on foaming process. As the result, parameters such as ceramic particle volume percentage and gas type were selected. Results showed that, to process foam with acceptable stability, there was a critical minimum of ceramic particles concentration above which, stability of the foam was enhanced. Gas type was also showed to have a significant effect on foam stability. Argon, carbon dioxide and air were...
Oil-Gas MMP Determination in Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods by Experimental Method of Vanishing Interfacial Tension
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Ayatollahi, Shahabodin (Supervisor)
Abstract
Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is a key parameter for successful gas injection process in the oil reservoirs for more oil recovery. This parameter is critically dependent on the reservoir condition such as temperature, reservoir and injection gas composition. There are many techniques used in the literature for MMP measurement. Vanishing interfacial tension (VIT) has been proposed recently and was used successfully to predict the MMP through pendant drop technique. This technique is used in this study to measure the MMP for Nitrogen/Carbon dioxide and water in oil emulsion fluids; then compare it to the original crude oil without water droplets. This would demonstrate the effects of...
Investigation the Minimum Miscibility Pressure for Crude oil with Different Asphaltene Content using Vanishing Interfacial Tension Method
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ayatollahi, Shahab (Supervisor) ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Interfacial Tension (IFT) as a main parameter for gas flooding efficiency in oil reservoirs depends highly on pressure, temperature, and composition of the reservoir fluids. Therefore, it is important to measure this parameter at real reservoir condition for successful field development plan. In this study, an axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) has been utilized to measure the equilibrium IFTs in crude oil-CO2 as well as crude oil-N2 systems at different temperatures and pressures. Moreover, minimum miscibility pressures (MMP) and first-contact miscibility pressures (Pmax) of crude oil/CO2 and crude oil/N2 systems at different temperature levels are determined by applying vanishing...
Recovery improvement using water and gas injection scenarios
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Vol. 29, issue. 3 , Sep , 2009 , p. 290-300 ; ISSN: 10916466 ; Masihi, M ; Momeni, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Water and miscible gas injection scenarios are considered in an Iranian oil reservoir for the purpose of recovery improvement. Firstly reservoir fluid modeling and modeling of a slim tube test were performed. Then, water alternating gas (WAG) injection was evaluated by optimizing the WAG half cycle and WAG ratio. Alternatively, hybrid WAG and separate injection of water and gas in the top and bottom of the reservoir were also investigated. The numerical simulation results showed that the optimum WAG, with half cycle of 1.5 years and WAG ratio of one, gave the highest recovery factor. Moreover, economic evaluation of these scenarios indicated that WAG had the highest net present value and was...
Recovery improvement using water and gas injection scenarios
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 29, Issue 3 , 2011 , Pages 290-300 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Masihi, M ; Momeni, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Water and miscible gas injection scenarios are considered in an Iranian oil reservoir for the purpose of recovery improvement. Firstly reservoir fluid modeling and modeling of a slim tube test were performed. Then, water alternating gas (WAG) injection was evaluated by optimizing the WAG half cycle and WAG ratio. Alternatively, hybrid WAG and separate injection of water and gas in the top and bottom of the reservoir were also investigated. The numerical simulation results showed that the optimum WAG, with half cycle of 1.5 years and WAG ratio of one, gave the highest recovery factor. Moreover, economic evaluation of these scenarios indicated that WAG had the highest net present value and was...
Experimental and Simulation Study of Asphaltene Deposition in Porous Media
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghotbi, sirous (Supervisor) ; Kharrat, Reyaz (Supervisor)
Abstract
Asphaltene deposition on reservoir rocks occurs during natural depletion as well as miscible injection processes. It causes reduction of effective pore space and consequent impairment of the ability of oil to flow through reservoir. Therefore, deposition of asphaltene causes significant formation damage and wellbore plugging, requiring expensive and difficult cleanup procedures. Thus it is necessary to be able to consider the onset, amount of deposition and also consequent damage of permeability and porosity reduction due to various factors. The objective of current work is to conduct experimental and simulation study of asphaltene deposition dynamics in one of the Iranian reservoirs. In...
Experimental and Simulation Study of Water Alternating Hydrocarbon - CO2 Mixture Gas in one of Iranian Oil Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor) ; Badakhshan, Amir (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this work the effect of composition changes of the injection gas (Hydrocarbon gas + carbon dioxide) on Water Alternating Gas (WAG) performance in immiscible flooding which has been rarely attended in the available literature is investigated. Core flood experiments are conducted on a 10 cm length Sarvak sandstone core sample at 46 degree C and at immiscible condition, i.e., below the minimum miscible pressure (MMP) of the oil sample using pure CO2 as injected Gas.The influence of injection WAG ratio on oil recovery also is investigated. Artificial injection brine which is made by dissolving NaCl into distilled water with 5000 ppm (mg/L), NaftShahr oil which has about 41 API gravity and...