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    Drug Target Binding Affinity Prediction Using a Deep Generative Model Based on Molecular and Biological Sequences

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Zamani Emani, Mojtaba (Author) ; Koohi, Somayyeh (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    Drug-target binding affinity prediction is one of the most important and vital part of drug discovery. The computational methods to predict binfing affinity is a standing challenge in drug discovery. State-of-the-art models are usually based on supervised machine learning with known label information. It is expensive and time-consuming to collect labeled data. This thesis proposes a semi-supervised model based on convolutional GAN (Generative adversarial networks). The model consists of two Gans and Two CNN blocks for feature extraction and fully connected layers for prediction. Gan can learn protein and drug features from unlabeled data. We evaluate the performance of our method using four... 

    Drug-Target Interaction Prediction with Deep Learning and Recommender Systems

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Nosrati, Amir Hossein (Author) ; Ghafourian Ghahramani, Amir Ali (Supervisor) ; Kavousi, Kaveh (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    A drug can be defined as a substance made to prevent disease, cure a specific symptom, relieve pain, and reduce anomalies in the body. The process of drug designing is so laborious, complex, costly, and time-consuming that chance of failure during the lab experiment stages is high. These challenges have persuaded researchers to find new usage for existing drugs, referred to as drug repurposing, with the main advantage of reducing cost, risk, and time. To this aim, computational methods have been applied to discover hidden pharmaceutical capabilities of drugs in terms of predicting whether a particular drug can interact with a particular protein.Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently... 

    Navigating drug-like chemical space of anticancer molecules using genetic algorithms and counterpropagation artificial neural networks

    , Article Molecular Informatics ; Volume 31, Issue 1 , JAN , 2012 , Pages 63-74 ; 18681743 (ISSN) Jalali Heravi, M ; Mani Varnosfaderani, A ; Sharif University of Technology
    2012
    Abstract
    A total of 6289 drug-like anticancer molecules were collected from Binding database and were analyzed by using the classification techniques. The collected molecules were encoded to a diverse set of descriptors, spanning different physical and chemical properties of the molecules. A combination of genetic algorithms and counterpropagation artificial neural networks was used for navigating the generated drug-like chemical space and selecting the most relevant molecular descriptors. The proposed method was used for the classification of the molecules according to their therapeutic targets and activities. The selected molecular descriptors in this work define discrete areas in chemical space,... 

    In silico study of patient-specific magnetic drug targeting for a coronary LAD atherosclerotic plaque

    , Article International Journal of Pharmaceutics ; Volume 559 , 2019 , Pages 113-129 ; 03785173 (ISSN) Shamloo, A ; Amani, A ; Forouzandehmehr, M ; Ghoytasi, I ; Sharif University of Technology
    Elsevier B.V  2019
    Abstract
    Coronary artery disease is the first cause of death across the world. Targeted delivery of therapeutics through controlled release of micro- and nano-particles remains a very capable approach to develop new strategies in treating restenosis and atherosclerotic plaques. In this research, to produce the arterial geometry, an image-processing was done using CT-scan images of a LAD coronary artery. After implementing the finite element mesh, the Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulation based on physiological boundary conditions was performed. Next, a Lagrangian description of particles dynamics in a non-Newtonian blood flow considering momentum equation of motion for each particle and the... 

    Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with rigid cross-linked polyethylene glycol fumarate coating for application in imaging and drug delivery

    , Article Journal of Physical Chemistry C ; Volume 113, Issue 19 , 2009 , Pages 8124-8131 ; 19327447 (ISSN) Mahmoudi, M ; Simchi, A ; Imani, M ; Hafeli, U. O ; Sharif University of Technology
    2009
    Abstract
    Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with proper surface coatings are increasingly being evaluated for clinical applications such as hyperthermia, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, transfection, and cell/protein separation. To enhance the applicability of magnetic nanoparticles, two main problems must be overcome. First, as the drug coats the particle surface, a significant portion of it is quickly released upon injection (burst effect). Therefore, only small amounts of the drug reach the specific site after, for example, magnetic drug targeting. Second, once the surface-derivatized nanoparticles are inside the cells, the coating is likely digested, leaving the bare particles... 

    Recent advancements in aptamer-bioconjugates: Sharpening stones for breast and prostate cancers targeting

    , Article Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology ; Volume 53 , 2019 ; 17732247 (ISSN) Maghsoudi, S ; Shahraki, B. T ; Rabiee, N ; Afshari, R ; Fatahi, Y ; Dinarvand, R ; Ahmadi, S ; Bagherzadeh, M ; Rabiee, M ; Tahriri, M ; Tayebi, L ; Sharif University of Technology
    Editions de Sante  2019
    Abstract
    Breast and prostate cancers are common types of cancers with various strategies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, for their therapy. Since these methods have undesired side effects and poor target affinity, neoteric strategies—known as aptamer-based smart drug delivery systems (SDDSs)—have been developed in recent years to overcome the obstacles of current treatment, and investigated for a clinical trial. The high affinity and versatility of aptamers for binding to the corresponding targets make them highly noticeable agents in the drug delivery domains. In addition to their exceptional benefits, aptamers are able to overcome tumor resistance because of their high selectivity and low... 

    Screening of glypican-6 expression in benign, primary and metastatic colon cancers

    , Article Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology ; Volume 15 , 2021 ; 11795549 (ISSN) Al Saraireh, Y. M ; Alshammari, F. O. F. O ; Youssef, A. M. M ; Al Sarayreh, S ; Al Sarayra, Y. M ; Aborajooh, E ; Al Shuneigat, J ; Alrawashdeh, H. M ; Sharif University of Technology
    SAGE Publications Ltd  2021
    Abstract
    Background: The development of colon cancer has been described as a multistep process of carcinogenesis. Understanding molecular and cellular changes underlying this process is required to determine potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in colon cancers. Several molecular entities, including glypicans, are implicated in cancer development. Among these is glypican-6, which is overexpressed in a limited number of cancers. This study aims to characterise the glypican-6 expression in different types of colon cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to characterise glypican-6 expression in a panel of archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded colon tissue types. These types included... 

    Involvement of TGF-β and autophagy pathways in pathogenesis of diabetes: a comprehensive review on biological and pharmacological insights

    , Article Frontiers in Pharmacology ; Volume 11 , 15 September , 2020 Heydarpour, F ; Sajadimajd, S ; Mirzarazi, E ; Haratipour, P ; Joshi, T ; Farzaei, M. H ; Khan, H ; Echeverria, J ; Sharif University of Technology
    Frontiers Media S.A  2020
    Abstract
    Despite recent advancements in clinical drugs, diabetes treatment still needs further progress. As such, ongoing research has attempted to determine the precise molecular mechanisms of the disorder. Specifically, evidence supports that several signaling pathways play pivotal roles in the development of diabetes. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of diabetes still need to be explored. This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. Dysregulated autophagy in pancreatic β cells due to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation is associated... 

    Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs): Development, surface modification and applications in chemotherapy

    , Article Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews ; Volume 63, Issue 1-2 , January–February , 2011 , Pages 24-46 ; 0169409X (ISSN) Mahmoudi, M ; Sant, S ; Wang, B ; Laurent, S ; Sen, T ; Sharif University of Technology
    2011
    Abstract
    At present, nanoparticles are used for various biomedical applications where they facilitate laboratory diagnostics and therapeutics. More specifically for drug delivery purposes, the use of nanoparticles is attracting increasing attention due to their unique capabilities and their negligible side effects not only in cancer therapy but also in the treatment of other ailments. Among all types of nanoparticles, biocompatible superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with proper surface architecture and conjugated targeting ligands/proteins have attracted a great deal of attention for drug delivery applications. This review covers recent advances in the development of SPIONs together... 

    Aptamer hybrid nanocomplexes as targeting components for antibiotic/gene delivery systems and diagnostics: a review

    , Article International Journal of Nanomedicine ; Volume 15 , 2020 , Pages 4237-4256 Ahmadi, S ; Arab, Z ; Safarkhani, M ; Nasseri, B ; Rabiee, M ; Tahriri, M ; Webster, T. J ; Tayebi, L ; Rabiee, N ; Sharif University of Technology
    Dove Medical Press Ltd  2020
    Abstract
    With the passage of time and more advanced societies, there is a greater emergence and incidence of disease and necessity for improved treatments. In this respect, nowadays, aptamers, with their better efficiency at diagnosing and treating diseases than antibodies, are at the center of attention. Here, in this review, we first investigate aptamer function in various fields (such as the detection and remedy of pathogens, modification of nanoparticles, antibiotic delivery and gene delivery). Then, we present aptamer-conjugated nanocomplexes as the main and efficient factor in gene delivery. Finally, we focus on the targeted co-delivery of genes and drugs by nanocomplexes, as a new exciting...