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core-flooding
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Experimental study and simulation of different EOR techniques in a non-fractured carbonate core from an Iranian offshore oil reservoir
, Article Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Volume 27, Issue 2 , 2008 , Pages 81-91 ; 10219986 (ISSN) ; Badakhshan, A ; Taghikhani, V ; Rashtchian, D ; Ghotbi, C ; Sajjadian, V.A ; Sharif University of Technology
2008
Abstract
In this research the experimental and theoretical studies on different Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques, i.e. Water Flooding (WF), Gas Injection (GI) and Water Alternating Gas process (WAG) were performed on specimens taken from an Iranian carbonate offshore reservoir at the reservoir condition. The experimental results for each specified techniques were compared with the corresponding results obtained from a simulation model. In the case of WF and GI, the injection rates were set to be 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 cc/min while for the WAG experiments, with two WAG ratios 1 and 2 and with 7, 7, and 10 cycles, the injection rates were 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 cc/min. The results obtained from the...
Experimental Investigation of Stability Analysis and Applicability of Foam Flooding for Enhanced Oil Recovery
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor) ; Badakhshan, Amir (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
One of the suitable methods in EOR processes is miscible and immiscible gas injection. By gas injection, it is possible to replace all the oil, which is in contact with the gas. However, reservoir heterogeneity, low density, and low viscosity of gas result in problems such as gravity segregation, and fingering and consequently the gas reach the production well without any significant contact with reservoir oil. A way to deal with this problem is gas injection in the form of foam. In fact, gas injection in this manner increases the oil production by decreasing gas mobility and the negative effects of reservoir heterogeneity on gas displacement. Foam stability has a key role on the efficiency...
Characterization of Formation Damage Induced by Oil-Based Drilling Fluid and Proposing its Optimized Remedy
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Tahmasbi, Koroush (Supervisor) ; Kalhor, Mojtaba (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
During all operations in hydrocarbon reservoirs, there is a possibility of formation damage. These damages can reduce the production of fluids from reservoir. One of the major damages that can seriously affect the performance of a reservoir is the damage caused by drilling fluid. The main purpose of this research is to study the main mechanisms of formation damages when using oil-based drilling fluids and fixing or preventing these damages. Once the mechanisms are identified, it is tried to cure the damages but without acid-washing. The alternative method is surfactant-washing which is a surfactant-brine injection. This injection has been done for the first time. This study helps to industry...
An experimental study of secondary WAG injection in a low-temperature carbonate reservoir in different miscibility conditions
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 30, Issue 13 , May , 2012 , Pages 1359-1368 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Khanamiri, H ; Aghajani, M ; Kharrat, R ; Gandomkar, A ; Motealleh, M ; Ghazanfari, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
This experimental study is aimed at evaluation of the performance of secondary WAG injection in carbonate cores at different pressures. To do so, a comprehensive series of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) core flooding tests are conducted. The fluid system includes reservoir dead and live crude oil, CO 2, and synthetic brine while the chosen porous media consists of a number of fractured carbonate core samples. Parameters such as oil recovery factor, water and oil production rates, and pressure drop along the core are recorded for both dead and live oil. According to results, at first increasing pressure improves the oil recovery, but this improvement after MMP is not as significant as...
Experimental and Modeling Investigation of Wettability Alteration to Gas Wetting Condition in Gas Condensate Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
During production from gas condensate reservoirs, reservoir pressure decreses to lower than dew point pressure of the reservoir fluid. Consequently, condensates will form in near wellbore regions, which significantly decrease well productivity. One of the remediations that is recently proposed for solving this problem is wettability alteration of near wellbore region to gas wetting condition. In comparison to other methods, it provides a better permanency, which is its key advantage. The main purpose of this thesis is, quantitative, qualitative and modeling study of wettability alteration of rock to gas wetting condition and verification of modeling rsults for a reservoir rock sample. Also,...
Experimental and Simulation Study of Formation Damage Due to Asphaltene Precipitation under CO2 Injection Condition in One of Iranian Carbonate Oil Reservoirs
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashtchian, Davoud (Supervisor)
Abstract
Asphaltenedeposition is a major problem during natural depletion and EOR processes due to formation damage issues. It is necessary to reveal asphaltene deposition mechanisms and its effective parameters to prepare an acceptable prevention strategy. Therefore, different natural depletion and EOR experiments must performed on core samples. In this research, Effect of CO2 injection on asphaltene deposition phenomena has been surveyed. Two carbonate core samples and one sandstone core sample was used in experiments. The oil used in these experiments was recombinedoilfrom one of Iranian offshore oilfield.In order to estimate permeability reduction during experiment, injection of oil and CO2 was...
An experimental investigation of sequential CO2 and N 2 gas injection as a new EOR Method
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Vol. 36, Issue. 17 , 2014 , pp. 1938-1948 ; ISSN: 15567230 ; Shadizadeh, S. R ; Vosoughi, M ; Kharrat, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Typical non-hydrocarbon gases, which have been utilized in miscible and immiscible processes, are carbon dioxide and nitrogen. These gases are usually injected separately and have been rarely utilized together as a tertiary recovery process. In this article, the authors have experimentally focused on sequential carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas injection as a new enhanced oil recovery method. The periodic injections of carbon dioxide and nitrogen have been repeated for six injection pore volumes. Sensitivity analysis of injection pressure, injection volume, and injection rate has also been investigated in core flood experiments. The experimental results have revealed that a sequential miscible...
A laboratory study of gas-oil relative permeability during CO2 Injection
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Vol. 36, Issue. 17 , 2014 , pp. 18571864 ; ISSN: 15567036 ; Bolouri, S. H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Gas injection is the second largest enhanced oil recovery process being applied in many reservoirs around the world. Simulation of these processes is necessary for implementation, management, and decision making. Relative permeability is one of the most important factors in numerical reservoir simulation. In this study, several core flood experiments are done and the relative permeability in carbon dioxide (CO2) injection is compared with nitrogen (N2) injection. Oil relative permeability in CO 2 injection is found to be higher than in N2 injection, but gas relative permeability in CO2 injection is found to be lower than in N2 injection. Higher oil relative permeability in CO 2 injection...
Experimental investigation of water alternating CH4-CO 2 mixture gas injection in light oil reservoirs
, Article International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology ; Vol. 8, issue. 1 , 2014 , p. 31-40 ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Taghikhani, V ; Badakhshan, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
This paper studies a WAG process for improving the recovery efficiency in light oil reservoirs. Until now, few references have reported the role of CO2 mole percent on recovery improvement in light oil reservoirs. The injected gas was changed, and the effect of composition changes on performance of core flood experiments were conducted at fixed flow rate. Five series of experiments (varied in methane mole percentages, 0, 25, 50, and 75, 100) were systematically examined. The results indicated that the oil recovery efficiency improved with the increasing of CO2 mole ratio and there was also maximum recovery efficiency in this work. That would be helpful to better understanding the role of CO2...
Application of Worm-Like Micelles for Heavy Oil Recovery: Experimental and Modeling
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghaznafari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Surfactants are widely used in enhancing oil recovery. But application of worm-like micelles which seem to be a perfect candidate for enhancing heavy oil recovery have been less studied despite their significant ability in reducing interfacial tension and their high viscosity. This research consists of three parts. In the first part, the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption of surfactant on reservoir rock is experimentally investigated, and its appropriate kinetic and equilibrium adsorption model is specified. According to the adsorption models, the pseudo second order kintic coefficient of adsorption is proved to have a linear relationship with concentration, so its value at different...
Study of Industrial Wastewater as Low-Salinity Water for Enhanced Oil Recovery
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ayatollahi, Shahaboddin (Supervisor) ; Mahani, Hassan (Supervisor)
Abstract
Considering the water tensions, especially in the Middle East, water resources for the implementation of water-based EOR methods are shown to be critically limited. Water sources such as industrial wastewater hold great potential to be used for this purpose due to their significant available volume and the need for their disposal because of environmental regulations. In this research, the potential of injecting industrial wastewater, as low-salinity water, in an Iranian carbonated oil reservoir has been thoroughly investigated by conducting core-scale experiments. In this regard, we also developed a guideline for designing various types of experiments to use this "unconventional" injection...
Enhanced heavy oil recovery in sandstone cores using TiO2 nanofluids
, Article Energy and Fuels ; Vol. 28, issue. 1 , 2014 , pp. 423-430 ; ISSN: 08870624 ; Ahadian, M. M ; Taghikhani, V ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Anatase and amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles were used to improve recovery of heavy oil from sandstone cores. Before performing core floods, the stability of nanoparticles at different salinities was tested using ζ potential and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) methods. While water recovered only 49% of the oil in the core flood experiments, 0.01% anatase structure solution recovered 80% of the oil after injecting two pore volumes at optimum conditions. To understand the mechanism responsible for improved recovery, contact angle measurements were performed on the rock surface before and after treatment with the nanoparticle solution. Contact angle measurements showed that the rock wettability...
Investigating the efficiency of MEOR processes using Enterobacter cloacae and Bacillus stearothermophilus SUCPM#14 (biosurfactant-producing strains) in carbonated reservoirs
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 113 , January , 2014 , Pages 46-53 ; ISSN: 09204105 ; Niazi, A ; Oboodi, V ; Ravanbakhsh, M ; Hezave, A. Z ; Ayatollahi, S ; Raeissi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) process is divided into two main categories, namely in-situ and ex-situ techniques. It utilizes reservoir microorganisms or specially selected bacteria to use their metabolites for more oil recovery from depleted oil reservoirs. In the present study, the potential of two biosurfactant-producing strains of Enterobacter cloacae and Bacillus stearothermophilus SUCPM#14 were investigated on tertiary oil recovery efficiency in carbonated cores using different designed injection protocols. The required operational time, process cost and proper selection of bacterial formulation during the MEOR process were the main objectives of this study. The results of...
A comparison of WAG and SWAG processes: Laboratory and simulation studies
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 35, Issue 23 , 2013 , Pages 2225-2232 ; 15567036 (ISSN) ; Kharrat, R ; Alizadeh, N ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The use of water-alternating-gas injection can potentially lead to improved oil recovery from the fields; simultaneous water and gas injection is a form of water-alternating-gas injection. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of these processes and the need for comparative work is inevitable. Core flood experiments and compositional simulations of water-alternating-gas and simultaneous water and gas processes are presented. Immiscible, near miscible, and miscible modes of injection are covered. Matching process is done and optimization of design parameters (injection rate, slug size, water-alternating-gas ratio, and injection gas) is performed. Experimental data demonstrate...
Experimental investigation of CO2 WAG injection to light crude oil in near miscible conditions
, Article 74th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition 2012 Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2012: Responsibly Securing Natural Resources, 4 June 2012 through 7 June 2012 ; 2012 , Pages 3914-3918 ; 9781629937908 (ISBN) ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE
2012
Abstract
This work concerns with experimental investigation of CO2 WAG injection to light crude oil in near miscible conditions which has been rarely attended in the available literature. Here, several core flood experiments at three constant injection rates and four WAG ratios are conducted on sandstone rocks saturated with light crude oil in presence of saline water. The results showed that higher injection rate has a better performance regarding oil recovery for smaller PVs of injected fluids, while lower injection rate showed higher ultimate recovery for a 30% increase in injected PVs. Secondary continuous gas injection showed a superior performance than all the other WAG injections in different...
Experimental investigation of water alternating CH4-CO2 mixture gas injection to light oil reservoirs
, Article 74th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition 2012 Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2012: Responsibly Securing Natural Resources, 4 June 2012 through 7 June 2012 ; June , 2012 , Pages 3919-3923 ; 9781629937908 (ISBN) ; Alizadeh, A
European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE
2012
Abstract
In this work effect of composition changes of injection gas, CH4 + CO2, on the performance of immiscible WAG injection in light oil, 41 oAPI, which has been rarely attended in the available literature is investigated. Presence of CO2 helps to reduce the MMP of CH4 significantly. Core flood experiments are conducted at reservoir conditions and fixed flow rate of 0.5cc/min on a sandstone sample with the brine concentration of 5000 ppm, and the influence of injection gas composition as well as WAG ratio on oil recovery is investigated. Different mole percents of methane in mixture, 0%, to 100% are examined, and the tests continued to ten alternate cycles with a slug size of 0.1 pore volumes and...
Modeling and optimization of asphaltene deposition in porous media using genetic algorithm technique
, Article Society of Petroleum Engineers - International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition in China 2010, IOGCEC, 8 June 2010 through 10 June 2010 ; Volume 1 , June , 2010 , Pages 479-491 ; 9781617388866 (ISBN) ; Kharrat, R ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Bagheri, M. B ; Sharif University of Technology
2010
Abstract
Different models have been proposed for deposition of asphaltene on reservoir rocks that due to complexity of asphaltene nature, most of them have not been productive. Here, a reliable model is proposed which despite of previous models, considers the change in asphaltene saturation in the core. The obtained experimental data in the laboratory was used for model validation. In this work, a series of core flooding tests was carried out in presence of connate water at different solvent-oil volume ratios. Pressure drop was measured at three different terminals along the core. The obtained experimental data as well as mass balance equations, momentum equation, asphaltene deposition and...
Experimental investigation of the influence of supercritical carbon dioxide and supercritical nitrogen injection on tertiary live-oil recovery
, Article Journal of Supercritical Fluids ; Volume 117 , 2016 , Pages 260-269 ; 08968446 (ISSN) ; Vaezian, A ; Zeinolabedini Hezave, A ; Ayatollahi, S ; Riazi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2016
Abstract
Generally, there are different enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. One of the most promising EOR method is the gas injection especially carbon dioxide (CO2) injection since it introduce several unique characteristic desired for higher tertiary oil recovery. In this study, the performance and feasibility of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) and supercritical nitrogen (SC-N2) injection to enhanced oil recovery was investigated. In this regard, swelling tests and core flooding experiments were performed to find out whether the injections of these gases are efficient to recover trapped oil in the reservoir. Based on the experimental results, the possible active mechanisms were discussed on...
Application of different novel and newly designed commercial ionic liquids and surfactants for more oil recovery from an Iranian oil field
, Article Journal of Molecular Liquids ; Volume 230 , 2017 , Pages 579-588 ; 01677322 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Keshavarz, P ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2017
Abstract
This investigation is conducted on one of the southern Iranian oil fields, which experiences a fault on its gas cap. Therefore, no traditional gas injection and normal water injection for pressure maintenance is suggested. The target is set to inject special compatible and proper type of chemicals in each single well to avoid the pressure increase for the risk of oil and gas spill. Two different sources of aqueous phases, namely formation brine and sea water were used to find the effects of different brine composition on the main mechanisms of releasing the trapped oil, interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability alteration. The obtained results reveal that both the ionic liquid (IL) based...
Relative permeability measurement in carbonate rocks, the effects of conventional surfactants vs. Ionic liquid-based surfactants
, Article Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology ; Volume 41, Issue 12 , 2020 , Pages 1797-1811 ; Faraji, D ; Rahnama, Y ; Zeinolabedini Hezave, A ; Ayatollahi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Bellwether Publishing, Ltd
2020
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of two different kinds of surfactants namely conventional (Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS)) and ionic liquid (IL)-based surfactants are investigated on the tertiary oil recovery using relative permeability concept. In this way, besides the Amott wettability index measurement, unsteady state core flooding tests are performed to not only find the effect of surfactant injection on tertiary oil recovery, but also to investigate their effects on relative permeability of carbonate rocks. In addition, for more reliable conclusions regarding the possible mechanisms, interfacial tension (IFT), compatibility and emulsification tests are carried out as a...