Sharif Digital Repository

In this project a model for the analysis and assessment of gas transit in the Caspian Sea and its effects on the desired benefits of the approach of decision-making, has been developed.
The first comprehensive review of the supply and demand of gas in the world and the countries of the Caspian region and the cast has been affecting world energy developments.After a comprehensive analysis of the status of the gas transit routes from the Caspian region and provided. Then, using the Delphi method and elite views the main criteria related to gas transit and affecting the interests of the countries of the Caspian region to determine the detailed criteria for each main criterion was determined... 

Hazardous Noxious Substances (HNS) are chemicals. Due to population increase and as a result, increased demand, HNS transportation by sea has been raised. Gasoline and diesel are two kinds of HNS which have the largest transported amount via northern ports of Iran especially Anzali port. So, HNS spill from tankers is an imminent event and threat for environment of Caspian Sea. Organizations that are concern about the health of coasts and seas water always try to use the softwares to simulate the currents and waves to define the hydrocarbon slick transport. Therfore in this study, a 2D hydrodynamic/oil spill model has been developed to predict the transportation of diesel and gasoline slick... 

The discovery of oil and gas resources in deep waters led to the invention of various platforms adapted to these waters. As the search for oil and gas resources is advanced to deep water, it is impossible to use fixed platforms in these depths. Hence, the idea of using floating platforms that can be used in deep waters has been increasingly considered. An option for the exploration and extraction of offshore oil resources is semi-submersible platforms. Under wave, wind, and current forces, a floating structure moves from its initial location. Types of mooring systems are used to maintain the position of the platform. During the life of a platform, mooring lines may be damaged under... 

Marine risers are tubular components, which are used to transfer fluids between seabed and floating platform. They may have a great share in cost of oil and gas production systems. One of the risers used in deep-water, is Steel Catenary Riser which is an economic alternative. However, amongst issues in designing this type of risers, high stress level in floating platform connection point and seabed touch- down zone is notable which is created due to platform movements, currents and wave loading and finally, leads to fatigue life reduction. Using buoyancy modules which are attached to risers is one of stress levels reduction solutions in hotspot points. In this study, considering the Caspian... 

Caspian Sea − the largest enclosed body of water on earth − is the subject of one of the world’s most intractable disputes, involving five coastal states of Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan. The conflict over the legal status of this multinational water body emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then the parties have been negotiating without reaching an agreement on the ownerships of waters, and the oil and natural gas beneath them. As long as there is no new agreement on how to share the Caspian Sea among the five states, the two old Iran-USSR treaties may continue to govern the Caspian Sea. Based on these treaties, each state’s territorial...