Sharif Digital Repository

From a long time ago cancer has been threatening human’s health, and researchers have been grappling with the phenomenon for numerous years. In the annals of this struggle, the number of cancer victims has outnumbered the survivals in a way that,until recently, suffering from cancer was perceived to be equivalent to death. Permanent defeat against cancer stems from the incomplete recognition of the phenomenon. In recent years, with the advent of technologies to extract information from the heart of cells and at the genome and transcriptome levels, man has been able to acquire a deeper understanding of cancer, its behavior and operation. Now that cancer is regarded to be a genetic disease,... 

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, with a high annual cost of treatment. As the cancer progresses, the cancer cells in the bloodstream metastasize to other parts of the body, causing the disease to spread throughout the patient's body and disrupt organ functions. sepration of cancer cells in the bloodstream inhibits the growth of cancer. Cancer cells differ from healthy cells in some features, such as size, electrical charge and polarization. These features can be used to seprate cancer cells from healthy cells.In this study, cell surface electrical charge was used as a biomarker to seprate cancer cells. By passing blood flow through a chanal and applying an electrical... 

The goal of this research is to elucidate the mechanism of Cell recognition in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using already utilized techniques. Our approach employs a more flexible non-covalent imprinting method which starts from a readily available polymer and utilizes an aqueous environment for both MIP synthesis and testing. Cell MIPs against MG-63 cell were synthesized. The synthesis procedure was optimized to obtain better binding characteristics to the targeted cell. Adsorption of target cell onto imprinted Alginate Spheres was facilitated by these macromolecular fingerprints as revealed by various microscopical examinations The imprinted Spheres showed high selectivity toward... 

Cancer is a complicated disease. So, cancer treatment can not be possible without understanding its complex behavior. Each of cells do inner operations spontaneously and have interactions on external environment. This feature of cells has caused to model their behaviors using multi-agents and considering each cell as an intelligent agent. Using this approach, a novel multi-scale agent-based model known as basic model has been introduced. Furthermore, two signaling pathways have been added to this model. For simulation, a new agent-based modeling framework has been proposed. After that, learning has been involved, for considering drug effects. Finally, by means of this model we can predict... 

The development of technologies and some defects in medicine caused to emerge a new approach called precision medicine. Unlike the traditional medicine, medical experts do best treatment for each patient based on his genetic characteristics in this approach. Predicting drug response on cancer cell lines is one of the most vital challenges in this area. Various approaches have been proposed to construct predicting models while the substantial distinctions between resistant and sensitive cell lines had been neglected in them. Here, we propose a new approach for constructing the predictive model. In our approach, we utilized the distinctions between sensitive and resistant cell lines and also... 

Today, microfluidic experiments have found wide applications in medical sciences, engineering, and chemistry. Because of their small size, microfluidic devices help us to be able to use very little amount of sample for the experiments and also easily control and observe the under-experiment fluid. One of the most important applications of these devices is the separation of cancer cells in blood for counting their number and DNA genetic studies. In the current project we have tried to do the separation of cancer cells from other cells by designing an inertia microchannel. For this purpose, in the first step a geometry for the channel is designed with analyzing the induced forces on the cells.... 

Diseases such as cancer lead to extensive conversion in the biological structure of cells. These conversions can overshadow cell function. The dynamics of a cell directly depends on how it interacts with other cells and the extracellular environment. Most of these interactions are associated with the occurrence of mechanical phenomena and are due to forces that the cell has experienced. Cell mechanics manifests itself in the Mechanotransduction, the ability of a cell to sense and respond to external forces. Cancer alters the mechanical properties of the components of the cytoskeleton. Understanding the biomechanical behavior of cells and cytoskeleton can play an important role in early... 

The biocompatibility and chemical stability of boron nitride nanomaterials surpass those of carbon nanomaterials. In addition, boron nitride nanomaterials share the same structure as graphene materials, making them a suitable replacement for graphene in biological applications. In this study, SKOV3 cancer cells were actively targeted using amine-functionalized boron nitride quantum dots that were covalently modified by CD133 antibody. Under the condition that they are not conjugated with antibody, these nanoparticles were also incorporated into the microfluidic device designed to image MCF7 cancer cells. These nanoparticles were produced via solvothermal synthesis in an organic solvent... 

A major medical revolution that is helping us overcome some of the worst diseases, including cancer, is angiogenesis, which is based on the processes our bodies use to develop blood vessels. Most human cancers have acquired six essential capabilities: self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals, programmed cell death escape, unlimited replication potential, persistent angiogenesis, and tissue invasion that can induce metastasis. In other words, the defense mechanism that prevents any of these acquired capabilities must be neutralized before the cells become malignant and invasive tumors. In fact, tumors in the non-vascular growth stage can only grow up to... 

Separating cells from a mixed sample is a required task in biotechnology and modern medicine, for example to isolate CTC’s that are of interest for doing therapy and diagnosing or doing research. A minute percentage of target cells must be separated from a large amount of unwanted cells. These target cells like CTC’s could be as rare as 1 target cell per millions of unwanted background cells. Hence Microfluidic cell sorting schemes based upon fluorescent labelling, electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis and magnetophoresis have been devised. Microfluidic magnetically-activated cell sorting (MACS) does not need any optical instrument or current source and electrode. By using an electromagnet or...