Sharif Digital Repository

A critical property in designing drilling fluids is the concerns for environmental damages and cost efficiency of mud additives used to complete a well safely and economically. Designing drilling fluids for harsh environments such as high temperature, high salinity formation water, lime and cement contamination demands proper selection of deflocculant (thinner) materials to achieve a successful drilling operation. This study presents a novel thinner material that satisfies the goal of an environmentally and economically acceptable mud in drilling lime contamination areas where drilling carbonate formations with high concentration of calcium ions tends to flocculate clay particles in... 

Matrix acidizing treatment are performed to enhance the permeability of oil and gas formations by removing pore plug. Numerous additives have been introduced to aid the penetration of the acid or to perform other important tasks. To be able to pump the reactive fluid from the surface through the tubing and into the formation, corrosion inhibitors usually is necessary to protect the metal from attack by the fluid itself. In this work the Henna extract introduced as a pre flush additive and corrosion inhibitor in acidizing operation. It also enters the formation and effect on the matrix permeability and acidizing performance. The effect of Henna extract on permeability of rock will be... 

Well-Testing is a one of the usual methods in petroleum engineering for evaluating reservoir and well parameters. This method is based on measuring downhole pressure verses time in different production conditions and then drawing these data in different pressure-time graphs and evaluating reservoir characteristics and calculating reservoir parameters. This thesis describes the development of techniques for the automation of the model identification and parameter estimation of a well test interpretation, using Artificial Intelligence. The computer programs which are written in MATLAB software use Neutral Network toolbox to detect a model that is based on the pressure derivative curve, and... 

Transport of drilling cutting to the surface is the most important function of drilling fluid. Insufficient hole cleaning leads to accumulation of cuttings in the annulus especially of a Horizontal wellbore. This may cause severe drilling problems including reduction in rate of penetration, stuck pipe, premature bit wear, increase the mud lost, high drag and torque. In this research work a mathematical model is developed to simulate cutting transport process in the horizontal drilling wells. A three-layer model was used to simulate cutting transport process in horizontal wellbores: a stationary at the bottom of hole, a moving bed and a suspension layer on top of these layers. In this model,... 

In this paper we have tried to mention a proper method of upscaling permeability data in a typical Iranian reservoir. Firstly a literature review is made on some common upscaling methods witch have been used so far. We introduced common upscaling methods like full tensor method, streamline method, stone method , vertical equilibrium method and also Kyte & Berry method. Additionally we have explained their advantages and also disadvantages. After selecting two upscaling methods, Kyte & Berry method and vertical equilibrium method, we applied these algorithms for upscaling of permeability data of Soroosh Oil Field. Soroosh oilfield is a heavy oil, Iranian reservoir located in Persian Gulf.... 

Nowadays, foaming agents have wide applications in drilling, cementing, fracturing and oil displacement in the petroleum industry. Typical applications are to make light fluids for drilling operations in naturally fractured reservoirs where lost circulation is a problem. Compared with conventional and aerated drilling fluids, foamy mud is a compressible and relatively homogeneous mixture. A great flexibility for pressure control is thus possible. In this study, a new foaming agent of Yas-Khorramshahr Company is introduced to drilling fluids. Stability of this agent at different concentration and in presence of Salt and crude oil is tested. Also common drilling muds are lightened and... 

Effective stress variation is one of the main issues in petroleum and gheothermal reservoir development. These stress variation could cause formation damage, sand production, sloughing shale and various modes of borehole instability like induced fractures and borehole wall shearing. In petroleum engineering, drilling a borehole is the first step in reservoir development. The wellbores are implemented to produce or inject fluids such as water, oil, gas and chemical fluids used during secondary and tertiary recovery processes. Upon drilling a borehole, reservoir pore pressure, rock and fluid temperature and mechanical stresses change which induces borehole instability and variations in rock... 

Relative permeability is an important factor that controls the two phase fluid flow in porous media. The use of carbon dioxide in enhanced oil recovery methods is common. But the question is, how does the carbon dioxide affect the relative permeability curves? In this thesis, the CO2-oil relative permeability is measured in CO2 flooding process with unsteady state method. For this purpose, the core flooding apparatus is used and the results are compared with N2-oil relative permeability in N2 flooding. The results of comparison show that oil relative permeability in CO2 flooding is higher than N2 flooding. Reduction of Interfacial tension and oil viscosity, solubility of CO2 in oil and oil... 

The effects of biosurfactants on sandstone rocks are known in the literature. However, there are few examples of experimental works in Iranian carbonate reservoirs dealing with the effects of biosurfactants under reservoir conditions. This thesis discusses the effect of an efficient biosurfactant produced from Pseudomonas aeroginosa MRo1, a bacterial strain isolated from oil excavation areas in southern Iran, on the recovery of residual oil trapped within carbonate rocks was investigated. The MRO1 could reduce surface tension from 72 to 28 dyne/cm. It also could reduce Interfacial tension from 18.382 to 5.646 dyne/cm.
In a core holder set-up bearing four limestone- and... 

In recent years, carbon dioxide is used for enhanced oil recovery of heavy oil. Steam Huff and Puff is one of the enhanced oil recovery methods used for heavy oil. In this study liquid CO2 was used as an injecting fluid instead of steam. In this paper a series of experiments were performed to demonstrate the effect of carbon dioxide injection pressure on huff and puff process. The experimental data are used in lab scale model simulated with commercial simulator Eclipse 300 to investigate the effect of soaking time, injection pore volume and rate of injection on the heavy oil recovery. Result of experiments showed that huff and puff process under miscible pressure condition gives the most... 

Gas injection is a well-known enhanced recovery method which can improve recovery using two different displacement processes, miscible and immiscible. Typical non-hydrocarbon gases which have been utilized in these processes are carbon-dioxide and nitrogen. These gases are usually injected separately and have been rarely utilized together as a tertiary recovery process.
In this paper, we have focused on sequential carbon-dioxide and nitrogen gas injection as a novel EOR method. The periodic injections of carbon-dioxide and nitrogen have been repeated for six injection pore volumes. Sensitivity analysis of injection pressure, injection volume and injection rate have been also investigated... 

It is common to inject gas in naturally fractured reservoirs to maintain the reservoir pressure. Recovery will be the result of the complex interplay of several mechanisms such as viscous flow, extraction by molecular diffusion, gravity drainage, oil swelling and capillary force. Generally the main mechanism is gravity drainage However in many cases like low permeability of matrix, small matrix block size and high capillary pressure; gravity drainage may be very low or ineffective. Low permeability results inefficient viscous displacement too. Therefore in these cases the main mechanism is diffusion. The parameters influences the diffusion are: The nature of the injected gas, the composition...