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On the catalysis capability of transition metal oxide nanoparticles in upgrading of heavy petroleum residue by supercritical water
, Article Journal of Supercritical Fluids ; Volume 126 , 2017 , Pages 14-24 ; 08968446 (ISSN) ; Golmohammadi, M ; Ahmadi, S. J ; Towfighi, J ; Heidari Chenari, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2017
Abstract
Vacuum residue cracking has been successfully conducted under supercritical water condition in presence of various metal oxide nanocalysts, namely NiO, CuO, ZnO, Co2O3, and Cr2O3 synthesized at supercritical water. The cracking experiments were carried out at 450 °C. Three species of cracking: maltene, asphaltene, and coke were then weighed and their corresponding speciation was defined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and elemental analysis (CHNS) tests were utilized to prove the performance of upgrading reactions. It was revealed that NiO showed the best performance among other catalyst, in which...
Decomposition of tributhyl phosphate at supercritical water oxidation conditions: Non-catalytic, catalytic, and kinetic reaction studies
, Article Journal of Supercritical Fluids ; Volume 133 , 2018 , Pages 103-113 ; 08968446 (ISSN) ; Golmohammadi, M ; Towfighi, J ; Ahmadi, S. J ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2018
Abstract
Tributhyl phosphate (TBP) decomposition in supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) was performed with and without catalyst, at different temperatures ranging from 370 to 480 °C, and different reaction times. Ag2O, CuO, Fe2O3, MgO, and ZnO synthesized by supercritical water were examined in TBP decomposition as the catalyst. TBP structure decomposed under the non-catalytic reaction; nevertheless, the results indicated that the use of catalysts improved the reaction efficiency, which calculated based on total organic carbon (TOC) removal, by far. However, TOC removal using Fe2O3 was 20% higher than the non-catalytic reaction. Having the ability in completion of the redox cycle, iron oxide...